从Excel VBA运行嵌套的Access SQL查询

Question

sorry for the title not being as specific as it should be, but english is not my first language and I couldn't explain better. It is NOT a question about how running queries on an Access database from Excel VBA, I know how to do that. I requesting help because I have a working SQL query built into Access for testing which I need to launch from within a macro enabled Excel spreadsheet. The contest: I'm building a tool composed by an Access database (which is "passive", it stores only data) and some Excel spreadsheets interacting with it. I need to it this way because of the users who will have to use it, so I can't change this. I have functions which let me communicate with the DB prebuilding the strings I need. In this case I want to read a recordset result of the query. The VBA function to make this is the following:

Public Function Read_Recordset(ByVal stSQL1 As String) As ADODB.Recordset
Dim cnt As ADODB.Connection
Dim stDB As String
Dim stConn As String
Dim wbBook As Workbook
Dim wsSheet1 As Worksheet

 'Instantiate the ADO-objects.
Set cnt = New ADODB.Connection
Set Read_Recordset = New ADODB.Recordset

 'Path to the database.
stDB = Foglio1.Cells(1, 2)

 'Create the connectionstring.
stConn = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" _
& "Data Source=" & stDB & ";"

With cnt
    .Open (stConn) 'Open the connection.
    .CursorLocation = adUseClient 'Necessary to disconnect the recordset.
End With
Debug.Print stSQL1

With Read_Recordset
    .Open stSQL1, cnt 'Create the recordset.
    Set .ActiveConnection = Nothing 'Disconnect the recordset.
End With

'Release objects from the memory.
cnt.Close
Set cnt = Nothing
End Function

Now, in the Access DB I already built the query I need, which is quite complicated but working flawlessy:

SELECT TOP 2 *
FROM (
SELECT C.Name, format(O.Freight,"#0.00") as Freight, format((O.Forwarding+
C.FixedFee + O.Freight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 + O.Freight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+(
Switch
(
1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,
C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85>C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85
)
- C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight),"#0.00") as
AdditionalCosts,format((O.Freight+(O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee +
O.Freight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 + O.Freight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+(
Switch
(
1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,
C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85>C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85
)
- C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight)),"#0.00") as TotalCost
FROM Temp_TaxableWeights AS T INNER JOIN (Weight_Ranges AS W INNER JOIN (Carriers AS C
INNER JOIN [OBPT_Groupage&LorryOwner] AS O ON C.[ID] = O.[CarrierID]) ON W.ID =
O.WeightRangeID) ON T.CarrierID = C.ID
WHERE (((W.WeightMin)< T.TaxableWeight) AND ((W.WeightMax)>= T.TaxableWeight) AND
((O.DistrictID)=35)) AND O.RateTypeID=4
UNION SELECT C.Name, format(O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight,"#0.00") as Freight,
format((O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee + O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 +
O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+(
Switch
(
1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,
C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85>C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85
)
-C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight),"#0.00")
as AdditionalCosts,format((O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight +O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee +
O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 +
O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+(
Switch
(
1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,
C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85>C.FuelReferencePrice,1.85
)
-C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight),"#0.00")
as TotalCost
FROM Temp_TaxableWeights AS T INNER JOIN (Weight_Ranges AS W INNER JOIN (Carriers AS C
INNER JOIN [OBPT_Groupage&LorryOwner] AS O ON C.[ID] = O.[CarrierID]) ON W.ID =
O.WeightRangeID) ON T.CarrierID = C.ID
WHERE (((W.WeightMin)< T.TaxableWeight) AND ((W.WeightMax)>= T.TaxableWeight) AND
((O.DistrictID)=35)) AND O.RateTypeID=8
ORDER BY TotalCost ASC
)  AS Best2Quotations;

This gives me the results I want:

Now my problem. I need to launch this query from an Excel spreadsheet, because it won't be static as I wrote it in Access to test: some of the values are picked up from the sheet itself. Howevere, I'm not able to run even the static one. I'm trying with this code:

Public Sub btnCalcQuotations_Click()
Dim stSQL As String
Dim rstTemp As ADODB.Recordset
Dim RealWeight As Double, Volume As Double

stSQL = "SELECT TOP 2 * FROM (SELECT C.Name, format(O.Freight," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as Freight, format((O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee + O.Freight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 + O.Freight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+(Switch(1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,C.FuelReferencePrice , 1.85 > C.FuelReferencePrice, 1.85)" & _
            "- C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight)," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as AdditionalCosts,format((O.Freight+(O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee + O.Freight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 + O.Freight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+ (Switch(1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,C.FuelReferencePrice , 1.85 > C.FuelReferencePrice, 1.85)" & _
            "- C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight))," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as TotalCost,W.WeightMin, W.WeightMax, C.FuelReferencePrice,C.IndexedFuelSurcharge FROM Temp_TaxableWeights AS T INNER JOIN (Weight_Ranges AS W INNER JOIN (Carriers AS C INNER JOIN [OBPT_Groupage&LorryOwner] AS O ON C.[ID] = O.[CarrierID])" & _
            "ON W.ID = O.WeightRangeID) ON T.CarrierID = C.ID WHERE (((W.WeightMin) < T.TaxableWeight) And ((W.WeightMax) >= T.TaxableWeight) And ((O.DistrictID) = 35)) And O.RateTypeID = 4 UNION SELECT C.Name, format(O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as Freight, format((O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee + O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 +" & _
            "O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+ (Switch(1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,C.FuelReferencePrice , 1.85 > C.FuelReferencePrice, 1.85) - C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight)," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as AdditionalCosts,format((O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight +O.Forwarding + C.FixedFee + O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.MgmtSurcharge/100 + O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight*C.FixedFuelSurcharge/100+" & _
            "(Switch(1.85<C.FuelReferencePrice,C.FuelReferencePrice, 1.85 > C.FuelReferencePrice, 1.85)- C.FuelReferencePrice)/1.85*C.IndexedFuelSurcharge*O.Freight*T.TaxableWeight)," & Chr(34) & "#0.00" & Chr(34) & ") as TotalCost,W.WeightMin, W.WeightMax, C.FuelReferencePrice, C.IndexedFuelSurcharge FROM Temp_TaxableWeights AS T INNER JOIN (Weight_Ranges AS W INNER JOIN (Carriers AS C INNER JOIN [OBPT_Groupage&LorryOwner] AS O ON C.[ID] = O.[CarrierID]) ON W.ID = O.WeightRangeID) ON T.CarrierID = C.ID" & _
            "WHERE (((W.WeightMin) < T.TaxableWeight) And ((W.WeightMax) >= T.TaxableWeight) And ((O.DistrictID) = 35)) And O.RateTypeID = 8 ORDER BY TotalCost ASC)"
Set rstTemp = Read_Recordset(stSQL)
With rstTemp
    If Not .EOF Then
        r = Application.WorksheetFunction.Match("Trasportatore", Columns(24), 0) + 2
        .MoveFirst
        While Not .EOF
            Cells(r, 24) = !Name
            Cells(r, 25) = !Freight
            Cells(r, 26) = !AdditionalCost
            Cells(r, 27) = !TotalCost
            .MoveNext
        Wend
    End If
End With
End Sub

I can't get it working, in the moment of actually reading the data, so this line of the previous Read_Recordset VBA function:

 .Open stSQL1, cnt 'Create the recordset.

it is returning me a runtime error which says:

"JOIN expression not supported" (or whatever similar, mine is in italian)

I'm quite struggling right, after a lot of time spent in buiding the query in Access I couldn't stand the idea of not being able to launch it from Excel. Any suggestions or alternative solution? Anything would be greatly appreciated. Regards,

Marco

Answer 1

For future reference, queries built in Access can be activated from ADO as follows (Note: Only need to append parameters if your query actually has them.)

    'Create Variables
    dim cmd as new adodb.command, cn as new adodb.connection

    'Establish db connection
    cn.connectionstring = "Data Source=MyDataSource.accdb;Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;"
    cn.Open

    'Create and assign parameter values
    Set parStartDate = .CreateParameter("Enter Start Date", adDate, adParamInput, 10)
    Set parEndDate = .CreateParameter("Enter End Date", adVarChar, adParamInput, 10)
        parStartDate.Value = sStartDate
        parEndDate.Value = sEndDate

    'Set up command attribute, assign param objects to command object 
    'so that these are passed through as well

    With cmd
    .CommandType = adCmdStoredProc
    .Parameters.Append parStartDate
    .Parameters.Append parEndDate
    Set .ActiveConnection = cn
    .CommandText = "MyQueryName"
    .Execute
    End With

This will work for an action query in access to enact changes in your DB, but if you need to return a recordset, then just open a recordset as you would normally, but open it with the command object as opposed to an sql string:

rs.Open(cmd)

Hope this helps :)