如何在 Django admin 中按字母顺序排列下拉列表？

Question

Here's a (very) simplified version of my models:

laboratory/models.py

class Lab(Model):
    professor = ForeignKey('authors.Author')

authors/models.py

class Author(Model):
    name = CharField(max_length=100)

In the Django admin, when I add or update a Lab, a drop-down list containing each professors is automatically generated and displayed. The problem is this list is very long and it is not alphabetically ordered. I want the professor drop-down list to be alphabetically ordered by "name" field.

How can I do that?

Answer 1

You can define default ordering for Author model:

class Author(Model):
    name = CharField(max_length=100)

    class Meta:
        ordering = ('name',)

Keep in mind that this causes the objects in Django also to ordered and migration will have to be done.

You can do ordering = ['name'] under the AuthorAdmin file to order only for admin dashboard.

Answer 2

ModelAdmin specific ordering via formfield_for_foreignkey

class MyModelAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    def formfield_for_foreignkey(self, db_field, request, **kwargs):
        if db_field.name == "author":
            kwargs["queryset"] = Author.objects.filter(anyfilters=anyfilters).order_by('name')
        return super(MyModelAdmin, self).formfield_for_foreignkey(db_field, request, **kwargs)

Note IMHO its better not to set the ordering on model because the ordering of your admin page needs to be decoupled from the model.

Also all the queries fired on the model will use the order_by column, in which case you might have to index the ordering column with your other columns.

Answer 3

The current way to do this (January 2019):

In your admin.py file:

class AuthorAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    ordering = ['name']

And then register it:

admin.site.register(Author, AuthorAdmin)

As described in the docs: https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/contrib/admin/#django.contrib.admin.ModelAdmin.ordering

Answer 4

Well, you can use the ordering variable in django admin, or you could use order_with_respect_to underneath class Meta . So, first you need to add an admin.py file to the same directory as your models.py file. This is what your admin.py file should look like:

from django.contrib import admin

from models import Lab

class LabAdmin(admin.ModelAdmin):
    fields = ('name',)

    class Meta:
        ordering = ['name'] # ['-name'] if you want the opposite ordering


admin.site.register(Lab, LabAdmin)