[英]How to properly overload postfix increment operator?
Is there a way to modify this code so that I do not receive a warning when compiling ? 有没有办法修改此代码,以便在编译时不会收到警告? Also, couldn't this code potentially result in a segfault since the memory it is going to access to retrieve the value of x in main got deallocated at the end of the operator function call? 此外,这个代码可能不会导致段错误,因为它将访问的内存检索在运算符函数调用结束时取消分配的main中的x值?
class A {
int x; /* value to be post-incremented */
public:
A() { /* default constructor */
}
A( A & toCopy ) { /* copy constructor */
x = toCopy.x;
}
A & operator++(int) { /* returns a reference to A */
A copy( *this ); /* allocate a copy on the stack */
++x;
return copy; /* PROBLEM: returning copy results in a warning */
} /* memory for copy gets deallocated */
}; /* end of class A */
int main() {
A object;
object.x = 5;
cout << (object++).x << endl; /* Possible segfault ? */
}
You need to return a value (not a reference): 您需要返回一个值(不是引用):
A operator++(int) { /*...*/ }
this will resolve the compiler warning and you won't end up with a dangling reference. 这将解决编译器警告,你不会得到一个悬空引用。
The postfix operator doesn't return by reference, returns by value: 后缀运算符不通过引用返回,按值返回:
A operator++(int) { /* returns a copy */
A copy( *this ); /* allocate a copy on the stack */
++x;
return copy;
}
Note that in your code you are returning a reference to a local variable, which has undefined-behavior . 请注意,在您的代码中,您将返回对局部变量的引用,该变量具有未定义的行为 。
Also note that the return copy could be easilly elided by the compiler through a NRVO (That code its pretty NRVO-friendly ). 另外还要注意,返回副本可以easilly编译器通过省略掉NRVO (即代码它相当NRVO友好 )。
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