在python中从树中选择随机实例

Question

Iam trying to iterate through a tree, find a random instance, mutate it then exit but am having problems with recursion.

Note concerning escaping the loop after mutation I have tried raising an exception but it just exits the iterations of children and keeps iterating the parents.

import random as random
rnd=random.random

class Found(Exception): pass

def displayRandomNode(self,indent=0,probchange=0.1):
    try:
        if rnd()<probchange:
            raise Found
        elif hasattr(self,"children"):
            for c in self.children:
                displayRandomNode(c,indent+1,probchange)
    except Found:
        if type(self)==float: pass
        else:
            print (' '*indent),self

Note: The classes I am iterating though look like this,(the fw class is not altered directly only its instance within the children), the class node may have children of all three classes in a list.

class node:
    def __init__(self,fw,children):
        self.function=fw.function
        self.name=fw.name
        self.children=children

class paramnode:
    def __init__(self,idx):
        self.idx=idx

class constnode:
    def __init__(self,v):
        self.v=v

Answer 1

You should avoid using exception handling for normal flow, keep it for error handling.

Here is a possibility:

def displayRandomNode(self,indent=0,probchange=0.1):
   if not hasattr(self,"children") or rnd() < probchange:
       return (self, indent)
   else:
       c = random.choice(self.children)
       return displayRandomNode(c,indent+1,probchange)

Here is another, more like your code idea of going through the whole tree with a little probability to exit at each node. Beware that it may exit without finding anything.

def displayRandomNode(self,indent=0,probchange=0.1):
   if rnd() < probchange:
       return (self, indent)
   elif hasattr(self,"children"):
       res = None
       for c in self.children:
           res = displayRandomNode(c,indent+1,probchange)
           if res:
               break
       return res