Date.today减去18年Ruby

Question

In my rails application the user can search for patients, and select how old the patient should maximal be!

Here you can see my code, where only patients where the patient.birthday is minor or equal than the maximal age are selected.

patients = patients.where("birthday >= ?", year(maximal)) if maximal.present?

The User types in an age for eg 15 as maximal, so that i have to transform the input to an date:

def year(maximal)
  a = Date.today
  year = a.year - maximal
  month = a.mon
  day = a.mday
  Date.new(year,month,day)
end 

Now my If i have for eg:

(means hes 18)

and the

This user is not shown in the list although he should be displayed. I know i have to change my def year but i dont know how! Maybe you can help me Thanks!

UPDATEUPDATEUPDATEUPDATEUPDATEUPDATEUPDATEUPDATEUPDATEUPDATEUPDATEUPDATE

Ok my new code:

patients = patients.where("#{age(:birthday)} >= ?", maximum) if maximum.present?

and

def age(dobss)
 dob = Date.new(dobss)
 now = Time.now.utc.to_date
 now.year - dob.year - ((now.month > dob.month || (now.month == dob.month && now.day >= dob.day)) ? 0 : 1)
end 

But now i get the error:

  comparison of Symbol with 0 failed 
 app/models/search.rb:28:in `<'
 app/models/search.rb:28:in `new'
 app/models/search.rb:28:in `age'

Answer 1

Try your same code with:

def year(maximal)
  a = Date.tomorrow
  year = ( a.year - maximal ) - 1
  month = a.mon
  day = a.mday
  Date.new(year,month,day)
end

Notice the main change is to refer to tomorrow instead of today , and lower the year one more year. By doing that you've pushed the birthday down to the very last day of the 18th year.

The year method now gives you all the people of that age. You just need to redefine the name of the method to something like min_birthdate_for_age( age ) . But now if you wanted to use this method to find people who are at least that age, then change the search accordingly: instead of searching for people of who were born on that day or after, ie >= , change it to earlier dates, ie < .

@MattJohnson made an excellent reference to a similar question which would be good to take note of as well, so use in combination with my answer. Basically he says that leap years will cause this kind of code to crash. A short workaround to avoid a leap year crash would be to re-write the method this way:

def min_birthdate_for_age( age )
  a = Date.tomorrow
  a.ago( ( age + 1 ).years )
end

Answer 2

It looks like you're trying to get the date a certain number of years ago, in which case you should use the years and ago methods that Rails provides:

18.years.ago

Which, in context, would give you:

patients = patients.where("birthday >= ?", maximal.years.ago) if maximal.present?