在 C# 中验证 HTML5

Question

We are currently building a green-fields app in C#. We have extensive UI tests which use Selenium Web Driver. These tests ( as well as unit tests ) are run by our CI server.

Selenium exposes a .PageSource attribute, and it makes sense (to me) to run that source through a HTML5 validator as another part each UI test.

I want to pick up on the same sorts of things that http://validator.w3.org/ picks up on. As a bonus, I would also like to pick up on a 508 issues.

My problem is that I can't find anything that will do this locally and is easy to integrate into my UI tests.. The W3C site exposes a SOAP api, however I don't want to hit their site as part of the CI process. They also don't appear to support getting SOAP responses back. I would like to avoid installing a full W3C server locally.

The closest thing that I see is this http://www.totalvalidator.com/ , using it would require writing temp files and parsing reports.

I thought I'd see if anyone knows of another way before I go down this track. Preferably a DotNet assembly that I can call.

c

Answer 1

After spending an entire weekend on this problem, the only solution I can see is a commercial library called CSE HTML Validator

It is located here http://www.htmlvalidator.com/htmldownload.html

I wrote a simple wrapper for it. Here is the code

using Newtonsoft.Json;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;

[assembly: CLSCompliant(true)]
namespace HtmlValidator
{

public class Validator
{
    #region Constructors...

    public Validator(string htmlToValidate)
    {
        HtmlToValidate = htmlToValidate;
        HasExecuted = false;
        Errors = new List<ValidationResult>();
        Warnings = new List<ValidationResult>();
        OtherMessages = new List<ValidationResult>();

    }

    #endregion



    #region Properties...
    public IList<ValidationResult> Errors { get; private set; }
    public bool HasExecuted { get; private set; }
    public string HtmlToValidate { get; private set; }
    public IList<ValidationResult> OtherMessages { get; private set; }
    public string ResultsString { get; private set; }
    public string TempFilePath { get; private set; }
    public IList<ValidationResult> Warnings { get; private set; }
    #endregion



    #region Public methods...
    public void ValidateHtmlFile()
    {

        WriteTempFile();

        ExecuteValidator();

        DeleteTempFile();

        ParseResults();

        HasExecuted = true;
    }

    #endregion



    #region Private methods...
    private void DeleteTempFile()
    {
        TempFilePath = Path.GetTempFileName();
        File.Delete(TempFilePath);
    }


    private void ExecuteValidator()
    {
        var psi = new ProcessStartInfo(GetHTMLValidatorPath())
        {
            RedirectStandardInput = false,
            RedirectStandardOutput = true,
            RedirectStandardError = false,
            UseShellExecute = false,
            Arguments = String.Format(@"-e,(stdout),0,16 ""{0}""", TempFilePath)
        };

        var p = new Process
        {
            StartInfo = psi
        };
        p.Start();

        var stdOut = p.StandardOutput;

        ResultsString = stdOut.ReadToEnd();
    }


    private static string GetHTMLValidatorPath()
    {
        return @"C:\Program Files (x86)\HTMLValidator120\cmdlineprocessor.exe";
    }


    private void ParseResults()
    {
        var results = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<dynamic>(ResultsString);
        IList<InternalValidationResult> messages = results.messages.ToObject<List<InternalValidationResult>>();


        foreach (InternalValidationResult internalValidationResult in messages)
        {
            ValidationResult result = new ValidationResult()
            {
                Message = internalValidationResult.message,
                LineNumber = internalValidationResult.linenumber,
                MessageCategory = internalValidationResult.messagecategory,
                MessageType = internalValidationResult.messagetype,
                CharLocation = internalValidationResult.charlocation
            };

            switch (internalValidationResult.messagetype)
            {
                case "ERROR":
                    Errors.Add(result);
                    break;

                case "WARNING":
                    Warnings.Add(result);
                    break;

                default:
                    OtherMessages.Add(result);
                    break;
            }
        }
    }


    private void WriteTempFile()
    {
        TempFilePath = Path.GetTempFileName();
        StreamWriter streamWriter = File.AppendText(TempFilePath);
        streamWriter.WriteLine(HtmlToValidate);
        streamWriter.Flush();
        streamWriter.Close();
    }
    #endregion
}
}




public class ValidationResult
{
    public string MessageType { get; set; }
    public string MessageCategory { get; set; }
    public string Message { get; set; }
    public int LineNumber { get; set; }
    public int CharLocation { get; set; }


    public override string ToString()
    {
        return String.Format("{0} Line {1} Char {2}:: {3}", this.MessageType, this.LineNumber, this.CharLocation, this.Message);

    }

}


public class InternalValidationResult
{
    /*
     * DA: this class is used as in intermediate store of messages that come back from the underlying validator. The fields must be cased as per the underlying Json object.
     * That is why they are ignored.
     */
    #region Properties...
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "charlocation"), System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1704:IdentifiersShouldBeSpelledCorrectly", MessageId = "charlocation")]
    public int charlocation { get; set; }
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "linenumber"), System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1704:IdentifiersShouldBeSpelledCorrectly", MessageId = "linenumber")]

    public int linenumber { get; set; }
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "message"), System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1704:IdentifiersShouldBeSpelledCorrectly", MessageId = "message")]

    public string message { get; set; }
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1704:IdentifiersShouldBeSpelledCorrectly", MessageId = "messagecategory"), System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "messagecategory")]
    public string messagecategory { get; set; }
    [System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1709:IdentifiersShouldBeCasedCorrectly", MessageId = "messagetype"), System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis.SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Naming", "CA1704:IdentifiersShouldBeSpelledCorrectly", MessageId = "messagetype")]

    public string messagetype { get; set; }
    #endregion
}

Usage/Testing

   private const string ValidHtml = "<!DOCType html><html><head></head><body><p>Hello World</p></body></html>";
    private const string BrokenHtml = "<!DOCType html><html><head></head><body><p>Hello World</p></body>";

    [TestMethod]
    public void CanValidHtmlStringReturnNoErrors()
    {
        Validator subject = new Validator(ValidHtml);
        subject.ValidateHtmlFile();
        Assert.IsTrue(subject.HasExecuted);
        Assert.IsTrue(subject.Errors.Count == 0);
    }


    [TestMethod]
    public void CanInvalidHtmlStringReturnErrors()
    {
        Validator subject = new Validator(BrokenHtml);
        subject.ValidateHtmlFile();
        Assert.IsTrue(subject.HasExecuted);
        Assert.IsTrue(subject.Errors.Count > 0);
        Assert.IsTrue(subject.Errors[0].ToString().Contains("ERROR"));
    }

Answer 2

It looks like this link may have what you want: Automated W3C Validation

You can download a markup validator in the accepted answer and pass your HTML to that. Sorry they're not .NET assemblies :/, but you could wrap it in a DLL if you really wanted to.

Also, one of the answers on this question suggests that the W3C service actually exposes a RESTful API, but can return a SOAP response: How might I use the W3C Markup Validator API in my .NET application?

Answer 3

The best HTML5 validator, the nu checker , is in Java and hard to interface with from .NET. But libtidy can be written into a C++ dll to be called from managed code. The sample program they've posted did a good job for me, with a little adapting.

LibTidy.h:

public ref class LibTidy
{
public:
    System::String^ __clrcall Test(System::String^ input);
};

LibTidy.cpp:

System::String^ __clrcall LibTidy::Test(System::String^ input)
{
    CStringW cstring(input);
  
    const size_t newsizew = (cstring.GetLength() + 1) * 2;
    char* nstringw = new char[newsizew];
    size_t convertedCharsw = 0;
    wcstombs_s(&convertedCharsw, nstringw, newsizew, cstring, _TRUNCATE);

        TidyBuffer errbuf = { 0 };
        int rc = -1;
        Bool ok;

        TidyDoc tdoc = tidyCreate();                     // Initialize "document"
                
        ok = tidyOptSetBool(tdoc, TidyShowInfo, no);
        ok = tidyOptSetBool(tdoc, TidyQuiet, yes);
        ok = tidyOptSetBool(tdoc, TidyEmacs, yes);
        if (ok)
            rc = tidySetErrorBuffer(tdoc, &errbuf);      // Capture diagnostics
        if (rc >= 0)
            rc = tidyParseString(tdoc, nstringw);           // Parse the input
        if (rc >= 0)
            rc = tidyCleanAndRepair(tdoc);               // Tidy it up!
        if (rc >= 0)
            rc = tidyRunDiagnostics(tdoc);               // Kvetch
        char* outputBytes = (char*)errbuf.bp;
    
        if (errbuf.allocator != NULL) tidyBufFree(&errbuf);
        tidyRelease(tdoc);

        return gcnew System::String(outputBytes);
    }