十六进制转换为dec / dec转换为十六进制程序。 无法获取程序为char数组打印字符串

Question

I am writing a program that converts hex to dec and dec to hex. I have written two functions: itox(hexstring, n) and int xtoi(hexstring). These two functions are implemented by a driver. When I use printf to return the int and the hexstring, the hexstring never shows up in the output. Also, the program never seems to make it to the printf statement within the xtoi() function. This is the output I'm getting :

--------------:~/cs240/hw3$ gcc showxbits.c xbits.c -o showxbits
--------------:~/cs240/hw3$ ./showxbits
in itox, processing 47
                  47             0

I am new to C. Below is my code. Any advice is appreciated.

The driver code is:

  1 /*
  2  *  stub driver for functions to study integer-hex conversions
  3  *
  4  */
  5
  6 #include <stdio.h>
  7 #include "xbits.h"
  8
  9 #define ENOUGH_SPACE 100 /* not really enough space */
 10
 11 int main() {
 12   char hexstring[ENOUGH_SPACE];
 13   int m = 0, n = 47;
 14   itox( hexstring, n);
 15   printf("%s", hexstring);
 16
 17   /* for stub testing: create a fake input string*/
 18
 19   m= xtoi(hexstring);
 20
 21   printf("\t%12d %s %12d\n", n, hexstring, m);
 22
 23   return 0;  /* everything is just fine */
 24 }
 25
 26

The code for the two functions is :

  1 /*
  2  *  stubs for functions to study
  3  *  integer-hex conversions
  4  *
  5  */
  6
  7 #include <stdio.h>
  8 #include "xbits.h"
  9
 10 /* function represents the int n as a hexstring which it places in the
 11 hexstring array */
 12
 13 void itox( char hexstring[], int n) {
 14         char hexkey[] = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F'};
 15         int rem;
 16         int res = n;
 17         int i;
 18         for(i = 0; res < 16; i++){
 19                 rem = res%16;
 20                 res = res/16;
 21                 hexstring[i] = hexkey[rem];
 22         }
 23         i++;
 24         hexstring[i] = hexkey[res];
 25         i++;
 26         hexstring[i] = '\0';
 27
 28    printf("in itox, processing %d\t%s\n", n, hexstring);
 29 }
 30
 31 /* function converts hexstring array to equivalent integer value  */
 32
 33 int xtoi( char hexstring[]) {
 34         int cursor;
 35         int count = 0;
 36         char current;
 37         int dec = 0;
 38         int pow = 1;
 39         int i;
 40         int j;
 41         char hexkey[] = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F'};
 42
 43         for(cursor = (2*sizeof(char)); cursor >= 0; --cursor){
 44                 current = hexstring[cursor];
 45                 for(i = 0; i < 16; ++i){
 46                         if(current == hexkey[i]){
 47                                 if(count == 0){
 48                                         dec = dec + i;
 49                                 }
 50                                 else{
 51                                         for(j = 0; j < count; j++)
 52                                                 pow = pow * 16;
 53                                 dec = dec + pow*i;
 54                                 pow = 1;
 55                                 }
 56                         }
 57                 }
 58                 ++count;
 59         }
 60         return dec;
 61
 62   printf("in xtoi, processing %s\n", hexstring);
 63 }
 64

Answer 1

missing single quotes

char hexkey[] = {'0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9', 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F'};
                 ^ ^


 0=='\0' ==> Nul character used to terminate strings.

 0!='0'    

'0' ASCII value 48 

---

Here you are going wrong

for(i = 0; res < 16; i++){     
               ^ 
                  rem = res%16;
                  res = res/16;
                 hexstring[i] = hexkey[rem];
         }

for loop condition wrong.

   n==47 ==> res==47 and res<16 ==> 47 < 16 failed.   

---

Modify Like this

for(i = 0; res >0; i++)
         {
                  rem = res%16;
                  res = res/16;
                  hexstring[i] = hexkey[rem];
         }
                   hexstring[i] = '\0';

 printf("in itox, processing %d==%s\n", n, hexstring); // You need to reverse it.

Answer 2

I don't have enough rep to comment. This post helped me out a lot. If anyone else comes across this the issue for why his second function won't print is that his return statement is before his printf statement. If here were to flip them around:

  printf("in xtoi, processing %s\n", hexstring);
  return dec;

Then the second function will print the line.