Python: Selenium xpath 查找不区分大小写字符的元素？

Question

I am able to do this

search = "View List"
driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//*/text()[normalize-space(.)='%s']/parent::*" % search)

but I need it to ignore and match all elements with text like: "VieW LiSt" or "view LIST"

search = "View List"
driver.find_elements_by_xpath("//*/lower-case(text())[normalize-space(.)='%s']/parent::*" % search.lower())

The above doesn't seem to work. lower-case() is in XPATH 1.0

Answer 1

The lower-case() function is only supported from XPath 2.0. For XPath 1.0 you will have to use translate() .

Example code is given in this stackoverflow answer .

Edit: The selenium python bindings site has a FAQ - Does Selenium 2 supports XPath 2.0 ? :

Ref: http://seleniumhq.org/docs/03_webdriver.html#how-xpath-works-in-webdriver

Selenium delegate XPath queries down to the browser's own XPath engine, so Selenium support XPath supports whatever the browser supports. In browsers which don't have native XPath engines (IE 6,7,8), Selenium support XPath 1.0 only.

Answer 2

Since lower-case() is only supported in 2.0 I came up with this solution using translate() so I don't need to type the whole function manually everytime

translate = "translate({value},'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')"

driver.find_elements(By.XPATH, f"//*/{translate.format(value='text()')}[normalize-space(.)='{search.lower()}']/parent::*")

Which computes to:

>>> print(f"//*/{translate.format(value='text()')}[normalize-space(.)='{search.lower()}']/parent::*")
"//*/translate(text(),'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ','abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz')[normalize-space(.)='view list']/parent::*"