改进git rebase工作流程

Question

I'm currently working a very simple git workflow using feature branches and rebasing on to master before pushing.

git checkout -b feature
.. make some commits
git checkout master
git pull

If there are no changes from the pull:

git merge feature
git push

If there are changes:

git checkout feature
git rebase master
git checkout master
git merge feature
git push

While has been great to learn how git works but it's getting a little tedious to type all the time and I suspect there's some faster ways to achieve what I'm doing but can't find them.

Answer 1

Your shortest amount of steps had a total of 6 steps (no changes case):

git checkout -b feature
.. make some commits
git checkout master
git pull
git merge feature
git push

This technique should work in both cases (6 steps as well):

git checkout -b feature
.. make some commits
git fetch
git rebase origin/master
git checkout master
git merge feature

Answer 2

Well, you could use git pull --rebase after merging, which does just that:

-r --rebase

Rebase the current branch on top of the upstream branch after fetching. If there is a remote-tracking branch corresponding to the upstream branch and the upstream branch was rebased since last fetched, the rebase uses that information to avoid rebasing non-local changes.

See pull.rebase, branch.<name>.rebase and branch.autosetuprebase in git-config (1) if you want to make git pull always use --rebase instead of merging.

Note

This is a potentially dangerous mode of operation. It rewrites history, which does not bode well when you published that history already. Do not use this option unless you have read git-rebase (1) carefully.

So in summary:

git branch -b feature
...
git checkout master
git merge feature  # By the way, merge's --no-ff might interest you
git pull --rebase  # rebases feature onto the new-fetched head if necessary

---

Just one note: The result of this is slightly different from your way if you made changes to master as well, since git pull --rebase rebases all your changes since the last pull/push onto the pulled HEAD , while you way would cause the pulled changes and your master changes to be merged and then feature be rebased upon that. This is mostly irrelevant (and personally I prefer not having unnecessary pull -induced merges in my history) but you should be aware of it nonetheless...

In pictures, before:

 /-O          origin/master
C--A--B       master
    \--F--G   feature

After your way:

 /-O-----\  
C--A--B--C*-----(FG)  (origin/)master - fast-forward merge (unless --no-ff)
          \-F-G-/     feature (rebased!)

git pull --rebase way:

 /-O
C--A--B--M*  => C--O--A--B--M*  (origin/)master
   \-F-G-/                      feature (not rebased!)

If instead you want the end result to be

C--O--A--B--F--G

use

git branch -b feature
...
git checkout master
git rebase feature
git pull --rebase

Also note how much fun you can have with git-rebase -i ;)

Answer 3

probably a nice alias could improve your workflow a little bit, I use this one

# full rebase
frb = "!sh -c 'x=`git rev-parse --abbrev-ref HEAD` && echo "rebasing to $0 ..." && git rebase $0 && git checkout $0 && git rebase $x'"

usage (on feature branch):

git frb master

of course you could also add a checkout at the beginning and push at the end

... tested on git 1.9.3 (osx), not tested what happens if there are conflicts