Python-用os.walk（）递归目录

Question

I'm writing a program that renames files and directories by taking out a certain pattern. My renaming function works well for files since os.walk() targets all files, but no so much with directories

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):               # Listing the files
        for i, foldername in enumerate(dirs):
            output = foldername.replace(pattern, "")  # Taking out pattern
            if output != foldername:
                os.rename(                            # Renaming
                    os.path.join(path, foldername),
                    os.path.join(path, output))
            else:
                pass

Could someone suggest a solution to target ALL directories and not only first level ones?

Answer 1

Setting topdown=False in os.walk does the trick

for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path, topdown=False):  # Listing the files
    for i, name in enumerate(dirs):
        output = name.replace(pattern, "")              # Taking out pattern
        if output != name:
            os.rename(                                  # Renaming
                os.path.join(root, name),
                os.path.join(root, output))
        else:
            pass

Thanks to JF Sebastian !

Answer 2

This will do the trick ( pymillsutils.getFiles() ):

def getFiles(root, pattern=".*", tests=[isfile], **kwargs):
    """getFiles(root, pattern=".*", tests=[isfile], **kwargs) -> list of files

    Return a list of files in the specified path (root)
    applying the predicates listed in tests returning
    only the files that match the pattern. Some optional
    kwargs can be specified:

    * full=True        (Return full paths)
    * recursive=True   (Recursive mode)
    """

    def test(file, tests):
        for test in tests:
            if not test(file):
                return False
        return True

    full = kwargs.get("full", False)
    recursive = kwargs.get("recursive", False)

    files = []

    for file in os.listdir(root):
        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(root, file))
        if os.path.isdir(path):
            if recursive:
                files.extend(getFiles(path, pattern, **kwargs))
        elif test(path, tests) and re.match(pattern, path):
            if full:
                files.append(path)
            else:
                files.append(file)

    return files

Usage:

getFiles("*.txt", recursive=True)

To list just directories:

from os.path import isdir

getFiles("*.*", tests=[isdir], recursive=True)

There is also a nice OOP-style library for path manipulation and traversal called py which has really nice API(s) that I quite like and use in all my projects.