如何为 Python 3.x 安装 psycopg2？

Question

Just started Python a few days ago and I'm using PyCharm to develop a web application with Django. I have libpq-dev python-dev packages already installed, but it's still throwing me the same error:

./psycopg/psycopg.h:30:20: fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory

which according to Google is the issue that occurs when python-dev package isn't installed. Note that I'm running the install from within the PyCharm interface for a virtualenv that I created for 3.2 and 3.3 (not sure how to run it from the terminal). Installing outside of the virtualenv still throws the same error, even when I install it from the terminal with setup.py. If I run pip install psycopg2 from the terminal, it succeeds, but it installs for Python 2.7. According to their website, they have support for up to Python 3.2.

Answer 1

在Ubuntu上你运行这个：

sudo apt-get install python3-psycopg2

Answer 2

Just run this using the terminal:

$ sudo apt-get install python3-dev

This way, you could use gcc to build the module you're trying to use.

Answer 3

Another option that seems to provide a newer version of psycopg2 than the one in the python3-psycopg2 package (at least when I wrote this):

sudo apt-get install pip3
sudo apt-get install libpq-dev
sudo pip3 install psycopg2

Answer 4

For most operating systems, the quickest way to install Psycopg is using the wheel package available on PyPI:

$ pip install psycopg2-binary

Check:

$ pip freeze | grep -i psycopg2
psycopg2-binary==2.9.3

This will install a pre-compiled binary version of the module which does not require the build or runtime prerequisites.

Or:

$ sudo apt-get install libpq-dev
$ pip install psycopg2

Check:

$ pip freeze | grep -i psycopg2
psycopg2==2.9.3

More info about psycopg vs psycopg-binary .