Python：optparse是否可以具有ACTION属性以像STORE和STORE_TRUE一样起作用？

Question

I am using optparse to get command line input.

Lets say that I am running a script demo.py and it creates some output. But unless I specify the command line input, the output is not written to a file.

I am trying to do the following:

python demo.py in command line should run the script, but not write the output anywhere.

python demo.py -o in command line should write the output to my default file name output.txt .

python demo.py -o demooutput.txt in command line should write the output to file demooutput.txt .

PS: I would not prefer to switch to argparse from optparse .

Answer 1

You can use optparse-callbacks to achieve this.

Here is how it wiill work for your use case.

parser.add_option("-o", action="callback", dest="output", callback=my_callback)

def my_callback(option, opt, value, parser):
     if len(parser.rargs) > 0:
         next_arg = parser.rargs[0]
         if not next_arg.startswith("-"):
             # Next argument is not another option
             del parser.rargs[0]
             setattr(parser.values, option.dest, next_arg)
             return
     # If not processed, set the default value
     setattr(parser.values, option.dest, "output.txt")

Answer 2

I don't think there is unfortunately - the only way I can think of is hacking around the problem by adding your own logic statements. The following code should do the trick.

import re, sys
import optparse from OptionParser    
usage = "usage: %prog [options] arg"
parser = OptionParser(usage)
if '-f' in argv:
    a = argv.index('-f')
    if (a != len(argv)-1) and re.search('[.]txt', argv[a+1]):
        parser.add_option("-f", "--foo", dest="foo")
    else:
        parser.add_option("-f", dest="foo", action="store_true")

Answer 3

This doesn't answer the direct question, 'how to define an Action...', but it handles the inputs in a simple way.

Set '-o' to be 'store_true' . If True check the 'args' variable for a file name.

(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
if options.o:
    if args:
        dest = args[0]
    else:
        dest = 'output.txt'
else:
    dest = ''

(In argparse the equivalent would be to define a positional argument with nargs='?' .)

If these are the only arguments, you could also get by with checking for the filename without requiring the `-o' .

Another possibility - 'store_const', with the positional 'filename' having priority:

parser = optparse.OptionParser()
parser.add_option('-o',dest='dest',action='store_const', const='output.txt', default='')
(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
if args:
    options.dest = args[0]
print options