不同功能中的相同变量。 （蟒蛇）

Question

Newbie here, I am currently writing a "game" in ex 36 of LearnPythonTheHardWay.

If I wanted to ask for the user's name in one function. How can I recall that persons name in all the other functions without asking for it again, or setting it = to the name again? From my understanding variables in a function don't affect other functions, but what if I want it to?

def room_1():
    name = raw_input("What is your name?")
    print "hi %s" % name

def room_7():
    print "Hi %s" % name    

Answer 1

Two ways, first would be to create a class and set an attribute called playername . Something like:

class Game(object):
    def __init__(self,playername=None):
        if playername is None: self.playername = raw_input("What's your name? ")
        else: self.playername = playername
        # initialize any other variables here

    def run(self):
        # all your code goes here, and self.playername
        # is always your player's name.

game = Game()
game.run()

The other was is widely (and properly!) frowned upon. You could use a global

global name
name = raw_input("What is your name? ")

Now so long as you don't overwrite name in any of your functions, they can call name and access it as if it were a local variable.

EDIT: It looks like you're trying to build a game that should implement a Finite State Machine which is almost certainly beyond your ability to make right now. You can CERTAINLY do it without one, but the code will always have that "spaghetti" feel to it. class Game is the first step towards the FSM, but there's a long way to go :)

Answer 2

You should declare it as global when asking for the name, so it is available in other functions:

def room_1():
    global name
    name = raw_input("What is your name?")
    print "hi %s" % name

def room_7():
    print "Hi %s" % name 

Answer 3

For now you can define a variable outside of a function, then call it with the global keyword.

Normally you would use a class for this sort of thing, but you'll get there eventually :o)

name = ''

def room_1():
    global name
    name = raw_input("What is your name?")
    print "hi %s" % name

def room_7():
    global name
    print "Hi %s" % name