枚举分配的对象

Question

How do I enumerate all allocated objects (allocated by the new operator) (not only those which have their own memory mappings, but those which are on the heap, too?) in C++?

I need this to find memory leaks.

Platform: Linux, gcc, i386,AMD_K64 (better: Platform independent)

There may be no official way, but there may be a lean workaround. For example, is there some internal variable you could access? Maybe a pointer to the list used for management of the heap?

Answer 1

You always can use valgrind to check for memory leaks. Either install it with your package manager or just download and compile from: http://valgrind.org/

If you compile your application in debug mode it can pinpoint down to the file/line where you have allocated resources that were not freed/deleted.

Answer 2

您可以使用valgrind来实现您想要的功能（将malloc替换为其自己的实现）并计算分配/释放

Answer 3

There are potentially two forms of memory lose

1. Memory that was allocated, but it is no longer referenced from any place... and so it will not be possible to delete it. This is a proper leak . In Linux, the main tool of choice is valgrind . Valgrind is a framework for multiple tools. The tool you would be after is memcheck .... This is a dynamic analysis tool that will report about leaks and other memory problems. This goes further than enumerating the memory allocated, but it also needs to check whether it is still referenced or not.
2. Memory that was allocated and it is still referenced, but somehow you've forgotten about it (eg vectors that grow endlessly because no-one never removes from them). This is where you need a tool for telling you the composition of all the memory you've allocated. Again valgrind can help you here. The tool this time is called massif

I'm sure there are more tools out there. These are pretty popular.

In Solaris, I'd recommend libumem for leak tracking and analyzer in Sun's Studio for profiling and memory analysis.