正则表达式量词

Question

I'm new to regex and this is stumping me.

In the following example, I want to extract facebook.com/pages/Dr-Morris-Westfried-Dermatologist/176363502456825?id=176363502456825&sk=info . I've read up on lazy quantifiers and lookbehinds but I still can't piece together the right regex. I'd expect facebook.com\\/.*?sk=info to work but it captures too much. Can you guys help?

<i class="mrs fbProfileBylineIcon img sp_2p7iu7 sx_96df30"></i></span><span class="fbProfileBylineLabel"><span itemprop="address" itemscope="itemscope" itemtype="http://schema.org/PostalAddress"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Dr-Morris-Westfried-Dermatologist/176363502456825?sk=page_map" target="_self">7508 15th Avenue, Brooklyn, New York 11228</a></span></span></span><span class="fbProfileBylineFragment"><span class="fbProfileBylineIconContainer"><i class="mrs fbProfileBylineIcon img sp_2p7iu7 sx_9f18df"></i></span><span class="fbProfileBylineLabel"><span itemprop="telephone">(718) 837-9004</span></span></span></div></div></div><a class="title" href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Dr-Morris-Westfried-Dermatologist/176363502456825?id=176363502456825&amp;sk=info" aria-label="About Dr. Morris Westfried - Dermatologist">

Answer 1

As much as I love regex, this is an html parsing task:

>>> from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
>>> html = .... # that whole text in the question
>>> soup = BeautifulSoup(html)
>>> pred = lambda tag: tag.attrs['href'].endswith('sk=info')
>>> [tag.attrs['href'] for tag in filter(pred, soup.find_all('a'))]
['https://www.facebook.com/pages/Dr-Morris-Westfried-Dermatologist/176363502456825?id=176363502456825&sk=info']

Answer 2

This works :)

facebook\.com\/[^>]*?sk=info

Debuggex Demo

With only .* it finds the first facebook.com , and then continues until the sk=info . Since there's another facebook.com between, you overlap them.

The unique thing between that you don't want is a > (or < , among other characters), so changing anything to anything but a > finds the facebook.com closest to the sk=info , as you want.

And yes, using regex for HTML should only be used in basic tasks. Otherwise, use a parser.

Answer 3

The problem is that you have an other facebook.com part. You can restrict the .* not to match " so it needs to stay within one attribute:

facebook\.com\/[^"]*;sk=info

Answer 4

Why your pattern doesn't work:

You pattern doesn't work because the regex engine try your pattern from left to right in the string.

When the regex engine meets the first facebook.com\\/ in the string, and since you use .*? after, the regex engine will add to the (possible) match result all the characters (including " or > or spaces) until it finds sk=info (since . can match any characters except newlines).

This is the reason why fejese suggests to replace the dot with [^"] or aliteralmind suggests to replace it with [^>] to make the pattern fail at this position in the string (the first).

Using an html parser is the easiest way if you want to deal with html. However, for a ponctual match or search/replace, note that if an html parser provide security, simplicity, it has a cost in term of performance since you need to load the whole tree of your document for a single task.