如何在纯 QML+JS 中创建圆形进度条？

Question

My application is made using QML+JS and I am looking to create a circular progress bar widget. I can create the circle using a QML Rectangle and settings its radius equal to its width/2 to make it into a circle. How do I create a progress bar out of it?

I am planning to implement the following mockup.

Answer 1

I've implemented a basic circular progress using a Canvas.

import QtQml 2.2
import QtQuick 2.0

// draws two arcs (portion of a circle)
// fills the circle with a lighter secondary color
// when pressed
Canvas {
    id: canvas
    width: 240
    height: 240
    antialiasing: true

    property color primaryColor: "orange"
    property color secondaryColor: "lightblue"

    property real centerWidth: width / 2
    property real centerHeight: height / 2
    property real radius: Math.min(canvas.width, canvas.height) / 2

    property real minimumValue: 0
    property real maximumValue: 100
    property real currentValue: 33

    // this is the angle that splits the circle in two arcs
    // first arc is drawn from 0 radians to angle radians
    // second arc is angle radians to 2*PI radians
    property real angle: (currentValue - minimumValue) / (maximumValue - minimumValue) * 2 * Math.PI

    // we want both circle to start / end at 12 o'clock
    // without this offset we would start / end at 9 o'clock
    property real angleOffset: -Math.PI / 2

    property string text: "Text"

    signal clicked()

    onPrimaryColorChanged: requestPaint()
    onSecondaryColorChanged: requestPaint()
    onMinimumValueChanged: requestPaint()
    onMaximumValueChanged: requestPaint()
    onCurrentValueChanged: requestPaint()

    onPaint: {
        var ctx = getContext("2d");
        ctx.save();

        ctx.clearRect(0, 0, canvas.width, canvas.height);

        // fills the mouse area when pressed
        // the fill color is a lighter version of the
        // secondary color

        if (mouseArea.pressed) {
            ctx.beginPath();
            ctx.lineWidth = 1;
            ctx.fillStyle = Qt.lighter(canvas.secondaryColor, 1.25);
            ctx.arc(canvas.centerWidth,
                    canvas.centerHeight,
                    canvas.radius,
                    0,
                    2*Math.PI);
            ctx.fill();
        }

        // First, thinner arc
        // From angle to 2*PI

        ctx.beginPath();
        ctx.lineWidth = 1;
        ctx.strokeStyle = primaryColor;
        ctx.arc(canvas.centerWidth,
                canvas.centerHeight,
                canvas.radius,
                angleOffset + canvas.angle,
                angleOffset + 2*Math.PI);
        ctx.stroke();


        // Second, thicker arc
        // From 0 to angle

        ctx.beginPath();
        ctx.lineWidth = 3;
        ctx.strokeStyle = canvas.secondaryColor;
        ctx.arc(canvas.centerWidth,
                canvas.centerHeight,
                canvas.radius,
                canvas.angleOffset,
                canvas.angleOffset + canvas.angle);
        ctx.stroke();

        ctx.restore();
    }

    Text {
        anchors.centerIn: parent

        text: canvas.text
        color: canvas.primaryColor
    }

    MouseArea {
        id: mouseArea

        anchors.fill: parent
        onClicked: canvas.clicked()
        onPressedChanged: canvas.requestPaint()
    }
}

Answer 2

I found a kinda elegant solution in plain QML which can be also used for styling a regular QtQuick ProgressBar component. The idea behind this is to use a ConicalGradient on a border-only Rectangle .

Here is the code:

import QtQuick 2.3
import QtQuick.Controls.Styles 1.2
import QtGraphicalEffects 1.0

ProgressBarStyle
{
   panel : Rectangle
   {
      color: "transparent"
      implicitWidth: 80
      implicitHeight: implicitWidth

      Rectangle
      {
         id: outerRing
         z: 0
         anchors.fill: parent
         radius: Math.max(width, height) / 2
         color: "transparent"
         border.color: "gray"
         order.width: 8
      }

      Rectangle
      {
         id: innerRing
         z: 1
         anchors.fill: parent
         anchors.margins: (outerRing.border.width - border.width) / 2
         radius: outerRing.radius
         color: "transparent"
         border.color: "darkgray"
         border.width: 4

         ConicalGradient
         {
            source: innerRing
            anchors.fill: parent
            gradient: Gradient
            {
               GradientStop { position: 0.00; color: "white" }
               GradientStop { position: control.value; color: "white" }
               GradientStop { position: control.value + 0.01; color: "transparent" }
               GradientStop { position: 1.00; color: "transparent" }
            }
         }
      }

      Text
      {
         id: progressLabel
         anchors.centerIn: parent
         color: "black"
         text: (control.value * 100).toFixed() + "%"
      }
   }
}

Answer 3

I came across an example by Diego Dotta on GitHub using two rotating circles that seems to work nicely for this use case. It involves setting the duration of a PropertyAnimation. So while this works well for a timer that you can set, it would need a different approach for something you didn't know how long it would take. This is tweaked a bit and ported to QtQuick 2.0:

main.qml :

import QtQuick 2.0
import Ubuntu.Components 0.1

Rectangle {
    width: units.gu(50)
    height: units.gu(50)

    property int seconds : 0

    LoadCircle {
        id: circle
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        loadtimer: 10*1000 // 10 seconds
        Component.onCompleted: start();
        onFinishedChanged: {
            timer.stop();
            borderColor = "green"
        }
    }

    Rectangle {
        id : theTimer
        anchors.centerIn: parent
        width : units.gu(10) ; height: units.gu(10)

        Label { 
            text: seconds
            font.bold: true
            fontSize: "x-large"
            anchors.centerIn: parent
        }
    }

    Timer {
        id: timer
        interval: 1000; running: true; repeat: true;
        onTriggered: seconds++;
    }

}

LoadCircle.qml :

import QtQuick 2.0
import Ubuntu.Components 0.1

Row{
    id: circle

    property int loadtimer: 4000
    property color circleColor: "transparent"
    property color borderColor: "red"
    property int borderWidth: 10
    property alias running: initCircle.running
    property bool finished: false;

    width: units.gu(30)
    height: width

    function start(){
        part1.rotation = 180
        part2.rotation = 180
        initCircle.start()
    }

    function stop(){
        initCircle.stop()
    }

    Item{
        width: parent.width/2
        height: parent.height
        clip: true

        Item{
            id: part1
            width: parent.width
            height: parent.height
            clip: true
            rotation: 180
            transformOrigin: Item.Right

            Rectangle{
                width: circle.width-(borderWidth*2)
                height: circle.height-(borderWidth*2)
                radius: width/2
                x:borderWidth
                y:borderWidth
                color: circleColor
                border.color: borderColor
                border.width: borderWidth
                smooth: true
            }
        }
    }

    Item{
        width: parent.width/2
        height: parent.height
        clip: true

        Item{
            id: part2
            width: parent.width
            height: parent.height
            clip: true

            rotation: 180
            transformOrigin: Item.Left

            Rectangle{
                width: circle.width-(borderWidth*2)
                height: circle.height-(borderWidth*2)
                radius: width/2
                x: -width/2
                y: borderWidth
                color: circleColor
                border.color: borderColor
                border.width: borderWidth
                smooth: true
            }
        }
    }
    SequentialAnimation{
        id: initCircle
        PropertyAnimation{ target: part2; property: "rotation"; to:360; duration:loadtimer/2 }
        PropertyAnimation{ target: part1; property: "rotation"; to:360; duration:loadtimer/2 }
        ScriptAction { script: finished = true; }
    }
}

Answer 4

I know the solution using rotation property. See example

https://gitorious.org/apps-4-me/staq-me/source/fd20fe5b6fec053f364219842905e2afc5cfdc9d:ui.qml#L172

Answer 5

Just use EEIoT ( https://github.com/IndeemaSoftware/EEIoT ) Knob component. Change parameters fromAngle: 0 and toAngle: Math.PI * 2. Also reverse: true if you need progress to be reversed

Knob {
    id: knob
    x: 0
    y: 83
    width: 100
    height: 100
    from:0
    to: 100
    fromAngle: 0
    toAngle: Math.PI*2
    reverse: false
}

Answer 6

I tried Canvas like the accepted answer suggested, but I found it was slow. In my case, I needed the indicator to show how long the user needs to hold the mouse before a state transition will happen, and if the indicator lags behind it is problematic because the user thinks they have more time but really they don't.

I found a faster solution was to use Shape.

import QtQuick 2.15
import QtQuick.Shapes 1.15

Shape {
    id: root

    property real radius: 18
    property alias strokeWidth: path.strokeWidth
    // value between 0 and 1
    property real progress: .75

    // don't set these externally. Set radius instead
    width: radius * 2
    height: width

    // antialiasing
    layer.enabled: true
    layer.samples: 8


    ShapePath {
        id: path
        fillColor: "transparent"
        strokeColor: "#77999999"
        strokeWidth: 3

        startX: radius
        startY: strokeWidth/2

        PathArc {
            x: radiusX * Math.sin(Math.PI * 2 * progress) + radius
            y: -radiusY * Math.cos(Math.PI * 2 * progress) + radius
            radiusX: radius - strokeWidth/2
            radiusY: radius - strokeWidth/2
            useLargeArc: x < radius
        }
    }
}

how it looks

Answer 7

The best way would be to use PNG file image. Because it runs faster than pure qml, particulary if you use gradient. If you want pure qml only, I didn't find anyway except if you add a custom C++ module to youproject. See http://qt-project.org/doc/qt-4.8/qml-extending.html