替代Linux中的Windows SYSTEM_INFO结构

Question

I am porting windows code into linux. Is there any suitable alter available for SYSTEM_INFO structure in linux or directly in c++.

Answer 1

Well, traditionally such kind of system propreties in Linux (and partially in FreeBSD) is exposed through proc and/or sysfs pseudo-filesystems mounted in /proc and /sys correspondingly. It's safe to assume that any nowadays Linux installation has these two filesystems being mounted in (there're possible exceptions, like very specialized embedded platforms, but even in modern embedded Linux'es).

Historically /proc is the first filesystem and /sys is a relatively modern invention, something like "/proc revisited". Both filesystems contain plain-text files which can be seen in any text viewer. For example here's /proc/cpuinfo content from my work computer:

processor   : 0
vendor_id   : AuthenticAMD
cpu family  : 21
model               : 2
model name  : AMD FX(tm)-6300 Six-Core Processor
stepping    : 0
microcode   : 0x600081f
cpu MHz             : 3500.000
cache size  : 2048 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 6
core id             : 0
cpu cores   : 3
apicid              : 16
initial apicid      : 0
fpu         : yes
fpu_exception       : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp          : yes
flags               : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc extd_apicid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes xsave avx f16c lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs xop skinit wdt lwp fma4 tce nodeid_msr tbm topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb arat cpb hw_pstate npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold bmi1
bogomips    : 7024.00
TLB size    : 1536 4K pages
clflush size        : 64
cache_alignment     : 64
address sizes       : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm 100mhzsteps hwpstate cpb eff_freq_ro

processor   : 1
vendor_id   : AuthenticAMD
cpu family  : 21
model               : 2
model name  : AMD FX(tm)-6300 Six-Core Processor             
stepping    : 0
microcode   : 0x600081f
cpu MHz             : 3500.000
cache size  : 2048 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 6
core id             : 1
cpu cores   : 3
apicid              : 17
initial apicid      : 1
fpu         : yes
fpu_exception       : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp          : yes
flags               : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc extd_apicid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes xsave avx f16c lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs xop skinit wdt lwp fma4 tce nodeid_msr tbm topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb arat cpb hw_pstate npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold bmi1
bogomips    : 7024.00
TLB size    : 1536 4K pages
clflush size        : 64
cache_alignment     : 64
address sizes       : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm 100mhzsteps hwpstate cpb eff_freq_ro

processor   : 2
vendor_id   : AuthenticAMD
cpu family  : 21
model               : 2
model name  : AMD FX(tm)-6300 Six-Core Processor             
stepping    : 0
microcode   : 0x600081f
cpu MHz             : 3500.000
cache size  : 2048 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 6
core id             : 2
cpu cores   : 3
apicid              : 18
initial apicid      : 2
fpu         : yes
fpu_exception       : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp          : yes
flags               : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc extd_apicid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes xsave avx f16c lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs xop skinit wdt lwp fma4 tce nodeid_msr tbm topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb arat cpb hw_pstate npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold bmi1
bogomips    : 7024.00
TLB size    : 1536 4K pages
clflush size        : 64
cache_alignment     : 64
address sizes       : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm 100mhzsteps hwpstate cpb eff_freq_ro

processor   : 3
vendor_id   : AuthenticAMD
cpu family  : 21
model               : 2
model name  : AMD FX(tm)-6300 Six-Core Processor             
stepping    : 0
microcode   : 0x600081f
cpu MHz             : 3500.000
cache size  : 2048 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 6
core id             : 3
cpu cores   : 3
apicid              : 19
initial apicid      : 3
fpu         : yes
fpu_exception       : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp          : yes
flags               : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc extd_apicid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes xsave avx f16c lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs xop skinit wdt lwp fma4 tce nodeid_msr tbm topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb arat cpb hw_pstate npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold bmi1
bogomips    : 7024.00
TLB size    : 1536 4K pages
clflush size        : 64
cache_alignment     : 64
address sizes       : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm 100mhzsteps hwpstate cpb eff_freq_ro

processor   : 4
vendor_id   : AuthenticAMD
cpu family  : 21
model               : 2
model name  : AMD FX(tm)-6300 Six-Core Processor             
stepping    : 0
microcode   : 0x600081f
cpu MHz             : 3500.000
cache size  : 2048 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 6
core id             : 4
cpu cores   : 3
apicid              : 20
initial apicid      : 4
fpu         : yes
fpu_exception       : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp          : yes
flags               : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc extd_apicid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes xsave avx f16c lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs xop skinit wdt lwp fma4 tce nodeid_msr tbm topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb arat cpb hw_pstate npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold bmi1
bogomips    : 7024.00
TLB size    : 1536 4K pages
clflush size        : 64
cache_alignment     : 64
address sizes       : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm 100mhzsteps hwpstate cpb eff_freq_ro

processor   : 5
vendor_id   : AuthenticAMD
cpu family  : 21
model               : 2
model name  : AMD FX(tm)-6300 Six-Core Processor             
stepping    : 0
microcode   : 0x600081f
cpu MHz             : 3500.000
cache size  : 2048 KB
physical id : 0
siblings    : 6
core id             : 5
cpu cores   : 3
apicid              : 21
initial apicid      : 5
fpu         : yes
fpu_exception       : yes
cpuid level : 13
wp          : yes
flags               : fpu vme de pse tsc msr pae mce cx8 apic sep mtrr pge mca cmov pat pse36 clflush mmx fxsr sse sse2 ht syscall nx mmxext fxsr_opt pdpe1gb rdtscp lm constant_tsc rep_good nopl nonstop_tsc extd_apicid aperfmperf pni pclmulqdq monitor ssse3 fma cx16 sse4_1 sse4_2 popcnt aes xsave avx f16c lahf_lm cmp_legacy svm extapic cr8_legacy abm sse4a misalignsse 3dnowprefetch osvw ibs xop skinit wdt lwp fma4 tce nodeid_msr tbm topoext perfctr_core perfctr_nb arat cpb hw_pstate npt lbrv svm_lock nrip_save tsc_scale vmcb_clean flushbyasid decodeassists pausefilter pfthreshold bmi1
bogomips    : 7024.00
TLB size    : 1536 4K pages
clflush size        : 64
cache_alignment     : 64
address sizes       : 48 bits physical, 48 bits virtual
power management: ts ttp tm 100mhzsteps hwpstate cpb eff_freq_ro

Each processor: record corresponds to a single CPU core.

And this is /proc/meminfo :

MemTotal:        8096232 kB
MemFree:          343624 kB
Buffers:          129028 kB
Cached:          5403048 kB
SwapCached:       116240 kB
Active:          4294232 kB
Inactive:        2870648 kB
Active(anon):    1145016 kB
Inactive(anon):   598192 kB
Active(file):    3149216 kB
Inactive(file):  2272456 kB
Unevictable:          16 kB
Mlocked:              16 kB
SwapTotal:       8388600 kB
SwapFree:        8008696 kB
Dirty:                60 kB
Writeback:           168 kB
AnonPages:       1569448 kB
Mapped:           218248 kB
Shmem:            110404 kB
Slab:             457752 kB
SReclaimable:     401808 kB
SUnreclaim:        55944 kB
KernelStack:        3968 kB
PageTables:        37676 kB
NFS_Unstable:          0 kB
Bounce:                0 kB
WritebackTmp:          0 kB
CommitLimit:    12436716 kB
Committed_AS:    4066516 kB
VmallocTotal:   34359738367 kB
VmallocUsed:      348140 kB
VmallocChunk:   34359386920 kB
HardwareCorrupted:     0 kB
AnonHugePages:    167936 kB
HugePages_Total:       0
HugePages_Free:        0
HugePages_Rsvd:        0
HugePages_Surp:        0
Hugepagesize:       2048 kB
DirectMap4k:      527000 kB
DirectMap2M:     6711296 kB
DirectMap1G:     1048576 kB

ALso there're some "programmatic" interfaces for these filesystems but they're a bit excessive and, eg the authors of sysfs warn against using libsysfs :-)

So the question is: what information exactly do you need to retrieve?