将所有远程 git 分支作为本地分支进行跟踪

Question

Tracking a single remote branch as a local branch is straightforward enough.

$ git checkout --track -b ${branch_name} origin/${branch_name}

Pushing all local branches up to the remote, creating new remote branches as needed is also easy.

$ git push --all origin

I want to do the reverse. If I have X number of remote branches at a single source:

$ git branch -r 
branch1
branch2
branch3
.
.
.

Can I create local tracking branches for all those remote branches without needed to manually create each one? Say something like:

$ git checkout --track -b --all origin

I've googled and RTMs, but have come up bunk thus far.

Answer 1

The answer given by Otto is good, but all the created branches will have "origin/" as the start of the name. If you just want the last part (after the last /) to be your resulting branch names, use this:

for remote in `git branch -r | grep -v /HEAD`; do git checkout --track $remote ; done

It also has the benefit of not giving you any warnings about ambiguous refs.

Answer 2

Using bash:

after git 1.9.1

for i in `git branch -a | grep remote | grep -v HEAD | grep -v master`; do git branch --track ${i#remotes/origin/} $i; done

credits: Val Blant, elias, and Hugo

before git 1.9.1

Note: the following code if used in later versions of git (>v1.9.1) causes

1. (bug) All created branches to track master
2. (annoyance) All created local branch names to be prefixed with origin/

for remote in `git branch -r `; do git checkout $remote ; git pull; done

Update the branches, assuming there are no changes on your local tracking branches:

 for remote in `git branch -r `; do git checkout $remote ; git pull; done

Ignore the ambiguous refname warnings, git seems to prefer the local branch as it should.

Answer 3

Most of the answers here are over complicating the parsing of the output of git branch -r . You can use the following for loop to create the tracking branches against all the branches on the remote like so.

Example

Say I have these remote branches.

$ git branch -r
  origin/HEAD -> origin/master
  origin/development
  origin/integration
  origin/master
  origin/production
  origin/staging

Confirm that we're not tracking anything other than master already, locally:

$ git branch -l    # or using just git branch
* master

You can use this one liner to create the tracking branches:

$ for i in $(git branch -r | grep -vE "HEAD|master"); do 
    git branch --track ${i#*/} $i; done
Branch development set up to track remote branch development from origin.
Branch integration set up to track remote branch integration from origin.
Branch production set up to track remote branch production from origin.
Branch staging set up to track remote branch staging from origin.

Now confirm:

$ git branch
  development
  integration
* master
  production
  staging

To delete them:

$ git br -D production development integration staging 
Deleted branch production (was xxxxx).
Deleted branch development (was xxxxx).
Deleted branch integration (was xxxxx).
Deleted branch staging (was xxxxx).

If you use the -vv switch to git branch you can confirm:

$ git br -vv
  development xxxxx [origin/development] commit log msg ....
  integration xxxxx [origin/integration] commit log msg ....
* master      xxxxx [origin/master] commit log msg ....
  production  xxxxx [origin/production] commit log msg ....
  staging     xxxxx [origin/staging] commit log msg ....

Breakdown of for loop

The loop basically calls the command git branch -r , filtering out any HEAD or master branches in the output using grep -vE "HEAD|master" . To get the names of just the branches minus the origin/ substring we use Bash's string manipulation ${var#stringtoremove} . This will remove the string, "stringtoremove" from the variable $var . In our case we're removing the string origin/ from the variable $i .

NOTE: Alternatively you can use git checkout --track ... to do this as well:

$ for i in $(git branch -r | grep -vE "HEAD|master" | sed 's/^[ ]\+//'); do 
    git checkout --track $i; done

But I don't particularly care for this method, since it's switching you among the branches as it performs a checkout. When done it'll leave you on the last branch that it created.

References

• 10.1. Manipulating Strings - Advanced Bash Scripting Guide
• 3.5 Git Branching - Remote Branches

Answer 4

Update Q1 2020: Mohsen Abasi proposes in the comments , based on the 2014 slm 's answer , the simpler alternative:

for i in $(git branch -r | grep -vE "HEAD|master" | sed 's/^[ ]\+//'); 

And it uses $() instead of obsolete backticks .

As I mention in another old answer , using git for-each-ref is probably faster .
And I would use the new (Git 2.23+) git switch command , which replaces the confusing git checkout .

for i in $(git for-each-ref --format=%(refname:short) \
  --no-merged=origin/HEAD refs/remotes/origin); do \
    git switch --track $i; \
done

That way, no grep needed.

---

Old (2011) original answer:

Here is my one-liner I use (in a bash shell, tested with msysgit1.7.4):

For copy-paste:

remote=origin ; for brname in `git branch -r | grep $remote | grep -v master | grep -v HEAD | awk '{gsub(/^[^\/]+\//,"",$1); print $1}'`; do git branch --set-upstream-to $remote/$brname $brname; done

For more readability:

remote=origin ; // put here the name of the remote you want
for brname in `
    git branch -r | grep $remote | grep -v master | grep -v HEAD 
    | awk '{gsub(/^[^\/]+\//,"",$1); print $1}'
`; do 
    git branch --set-upstream-to $remote/$brname $brname; 
done

• it will only select upstream branches from the remote you specify in the remote variable (it can be ' origin ' or whatever name you have set for one of the remotes of your current Git repo).
• it will extract the name of the branch: origin/a/Branch/Name => a/Branch/Name through the awk expression.

• it will set the upstream branch through --set-upstream-to (or -u ) , not --track :
  The advantage is that, if the branch already exists, it won't fail and it won't change that branch origin, it will only configure the branch.xxx.(remote|merge) setting.

   branch.aBranchName.remote=origin branch.aBranchName.merge=refs/heads/a/Branch/Name

That command will create local branches for all remote upstream branches, and set their remote and merge setting to that remote branch.

Answer 5

You could script that easily enough, but I don't know when it'd be valuable. Those branches would pretty quickly fall behind, and you'd have to update them all the time.

The remote branches are automatically going to be kept up to date, so it's easiest just to create the local branch at the point where you actually want to work on it.

Answer 6

without any scripting (in an empty directory):

$ git clone --bare repo_url .git
$ git config core.bare false
$ git checkout

after that, all remote branches will be seen as local.

---

original (in russian) .

Answer 7

for i in `git branch -a | grep remote`; do git branch --track ${i#remotes/origin/} $i; done

Answer 8

If you want to use powershell and your remote is called origin. Then this works.

git fetch    
git branch -r  | %{$_ -replace "  origin/"} | %{git branch --track $_ "origin/$_"}

Answer 9

for branch in `git branch -a | grep remotes | grep -v HEAD | grep -v master`; do  git branch --track ${branch##*/} $branch; done

使用这个，你不会有这样的警告： refname 'origin/dev' is ambiguous

Answer 10

Here is my solution of BASH command referring by @tjmcewan:

for remote in `git branch -r | grep -v /HEAD `; do git branch --track ${remote/"origin/"/""}; done

---

My goal is to solve the problem that all the created branches will have "origin/" as the start of the name, because I tested that $remote variables are still include "origin/":

for remote in `git branch -r | grep -v /HEAD`; do echo $remote ; done

Answer 11

To do the same as tjmcewan's answer but on Windows, call this from a batch file :

for /f "delims=" %%r in ('git branch -r ^| grep -v master') do git checkout --track %%r

Or this from the command line :

for /f "delims=" %r in ('git branch -r ^| grep -v master') do git checkout --track %r

Answer 12

From git 2.23 onwards:

for branch in `git branch -r | grep origin/`; do git switch -t -C ${branch#origin/} $branch; git pull; done

The -C flag for git switch creates or resets if it already exists.

git switch documentation

Answer 13

VonC's solution can be simplified even further by changing the sed (I lack the rep points to comment directly on his post):

for branch in $(git branch -r | sed 's,[^/]*/,,g'); do git switch $branch; done

By replacing everything that isn't a slash up to the final slash, the remaining branch name is suitable for local use; repeatedly switching to the same branch isn't an error (it may be inefficient, but it may be more efficient than having a grep in the pipe :->).

The switch command is smart enough to track each remote branch as necessary.

Answer 14

In case you already have some branches checked out and want to

• check out all remaining branches from the remote
• make sure all local branches track the remote branches

you can use the following bash- and zsh-compatible script:

git branch -r | while read b; do if git branch | grep -q " ${b##*/}$"; then git branch --set-upstream ${b##*/} $b; else git branch --track ${b##*/} $b; fi; done

Answer 15

for rembranch in `git remote update 2>&1 > /dev/null ; git branch -r|egrep -wv "HEAD|master"`
do 
    git checkout --track -b `echo $rembranch|awk -F\/ '{print $2}'` $rembranch; 
done

Explanation:

line 1: 'git branch -r' (followed by 'git remote update' to update the info on changes to remote) lists all remote branches; 'egrep -vw' is used to knock entries having HEAD and master in the result.

line 3: Track the named remote branch while checking it out locally. A simple awk is used to avoid 'origin/' being the suffix for local branches.

Answer 16

Using bash, If you want to checkout all branches:

for remote in `git branch -r`; do git checkout $(echo $remote | cut -d'/' -f 2); done

It's important to note that when you do a fetch that brings down new remote-tracking branches, you don't automatically have local, editable copies of them.