在 Windows x64 中运行 Cython - 致命错误 C1083：无法打开包含文件：'basetsd.h'：没有这样的文件或目录

Question

I have been trying to install Cython for Python 2.7 on my Window 7 system. In particular, I prefer everything in 64 bits. (In case you wonder, I need Cython because Cython is one of the components I need for another package for some specialized numerical analysis. And x64 is potentially an advantage for storage of large data sets.)

So I downloaded the x64 Python 2.7 from the official website. Got Cython from Christoph Gohlke . The amd64 version for Python 2.7 of course. Before I installed, I added Python 2.7 into the registry with the .reg file found in Joe DF's answer here . Afterwards, I installed the Visual C++ compiler from here (I don't think it works) and here (but this one should). At this point, I have in my C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\\VC\\bin directory all of vcvars32.bat , vcvars64.bat , vcvars86_amd64.bat , vcvarsx86_ia64.bat . I ran vcvars64.bat and there was no error message.

Subsequently, I followed this page to create a "hello world" test file.

Then, I got this error.

...\Tests>python setup.py build_ext --inplace
running build_ext
building 'hello' extension
error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat

So I thought to myself: Well, Cython can't find that file because it does not exist. (I searched my whole harddrive for it.) So I copied vcvars64.bat from ...\\VC\\bin to \\VC and changed the name to vcvarsall.bat . Now vcvarsall error is gone. And ... naturally, a new error emerges.

...\Tests>python setup.py build_ext --inplace
running build_ext
building 'hello' extension
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\amd64\cl.exe /c /nolog
o /Ox /MD /W3 /GS- /DNDEBUG -IC:\Python27\include -IC:\Python27\PC /Tchello.c /F
obuild\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\hello.obj
hello.c
C:\Python27\include\pyconfig.h(227) : fatal error C1083: Cannot open include fil
e: 'basetsd.h': No such file or directory
error: command '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\VC\BIN\amd64
\cl.exe"' failed with exit status 2

Now I have no idea how to proceed. What should I do? Your help is much appreciated.

(For clarity, I did try setting the compiler to Mingw32. But there are other errors. I am focusing on getting VC to work for now.)

---

EDIT: I tried using the SDK build environment CMD following the instructions on this page . I received the same error.

Answer 1

In case anyone is currently (2017) facing same error with visual C++ 2015 tools, launch setup again and also select windows 8.1 / 10 SDK depending upon your OS. This will fix basestd.h error.

If it is still not working, try launching build tools from: C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools.

Another alternative would be, just install anaconda 2 or 3 (64 bit if also you don't want memory errors). It contains all the important packages prebuilt: sklearn, matplotlib, scipy, numpy, pandas and even web development frameworks such as flask.

Answer 2

I encountered this problem while trying to install pandas in 'develop' mode. I'm up & running now. My environment:

• Windows XP Pro x64 SP2
• WinPython 64bit 2.7.5.3 (Python 2.7.5.amd64) <-- "registered" as system's python distro using WinPython Control Panel application

Problems encountered when running python setup.py develop :

• Unable to find vcvarsall.bat
• fatal error C1083: Cannot open include file: 'basetsd.h': No such file or directory ... exit code 2

Solution:

1. Download and install Microsoft Visual C++ 2008 Express.
2. Download and install Microsoft Windows SDK for Windows 7 and .NET Framework 3.5 SP1. You will need only:
   • Developer Tools > Windows Headers and Libraries <-- this gives you basetsd.h
   • Developer Tools > Visual C++ Compilers <-- this gives you the 64-bit compilers
3. Copy C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\\VC\\bin\\vcvars64.bat to C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\\VC\\bin\\amd64\\vcvarsamd64.bat . Observe the change in file name.
4. Add C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0\\VC\\bin to PATH . This may not be required (I did so before re-installing the SDK w/ Headers & Libs; therefore, the necessity is unknown).

At this point, running python setup.py develop completed successfully and python -c "import pandas; print pandas.__version__" resulted in the git tag I expected.

[EDIT] Further reading:

• error: Unable to find vcvarsall.bat
  • answer if you just want binaries to install
  • answer if you want to compile on x64 machine
  • answer about the file location/name change
• distutils issue 7511

Answer 3

For those with Windows 10, download the SDK from here to fix the header file basestd.h .

I downloaded the .exe, installed and worked great. SDK was ~2.3GB.

Note: For those like me with 64-bit systems who got an additional error:

`LINK : fatal error LNK1158: cannot run 'rc.exe'
    error: command 'C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\\VC\\BIN\\x86_amd64\\link.exe' failed with exit status 1158

There is a great answer here which solves the problem by placing the rc.exe file in the correct folder for your system.

Answer 4

For suggestion, you can try it for build cython 64 bit with setup.py

I'm using Anaconda for python distribution, Microsoft's Windopws SDK 7, and MSVC 12.0.

Firstly, I make library for my cuda function, Second, I run python setup.py build_ext -i for make temp folder (you wil get error), then compile Makefile below,

Mostly, I get this from setup.py when it is compile 32 bit app, then change it for compile 64 bit.

Makefile

CL_EXE      = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\bin\amd64\cl.exe"
LINK_EXE    = "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\bin\amd64\link.exe"

CL_FLAGS    = /c /nologo /Ox /MD /W3 /GS- /DNDEBUG /O2 /fp:fast
CL_INC      = -I. -I"C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1\Include" \
            -I"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\include" -IC:\Users\name\Anaconda2\envs\py27\Lib\site-packages\numpy\core\include -IC:\Users\name\Anaconda2\envs\py27\include -IC:\Users\name\Anaconda2\envs\py27\PC 

LINK_FLAGS      = /DLL /nologo /INCREMENTAL:NO /MACHINE:X64
LINK_LIBPATH    = "/LIBPATH:C:\Program Files\NVIDIA GPU Computing Toolkit\CUDA\v7.5\lib\x64" \
                    /LIBPATH:C:\Users\name\Anaconda2\envs\py27\libs \
                    /LIBPATH:C:\Users\name\Anaconda2\envs\py27\PCbuild\amd64 \
                    /LIBPATH:C:\Users\name\Anaconda2\envs\py27\PC\VS9.0\amd64 \
                    "/LIBPATH:C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 12.0\VC\lib\amd64" \
                    "/LIBPATH:C:\Program Files\Microsoft SDKs\Windows\v7.1\Lib\x64"
LINK_LIB        = cuda_multiply4D.lib cudart.lib MSVCRT.lib kernel32.lib
LINK_EXPORT     = /EXPORT:initmy_cuda
LINK_OBJ        = build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\my_cuda.obj
LINK_OUT        = "/OUT:E:\my_cuda.pyd"
LINK_OTHER_CONF = /IMPLIB:build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\my_cuda.lib /MANIFESTFILE:build\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\my_cuda.pyd.manifest 

all:
    $(CL_EXE) $(CL_FLAGS) $(CL_INC) /Tcmy_cuda.c /Fobuild\temp.win-amd64-2.7\Release\my_cuda.obj
    $(LINK_EXE) $(LINK_FLAGS) $(LINK_LIBPATH) $(LINK_LIB) $(LINK_EXPORT) $(LINK_OBJ) $(LINK_OUT) $(LINK_OTHER_CONF)

Note:

• MSVCRT.lib kernel32.lib are optional,
• /EXPORT:initmy_cuda is mandatory. Its format init%yourfilename_WO_Ext%
• "/OUT:E:\\my_cuda.pyd" for determine your output location, its filename, and its extension.

Answer 5

Add these to the visual studio installation directories to your Environment variables

C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\\VC

C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\\VC\\bin

C:\\Program Files (x86)\\Microsoft Visual Studio 14.0\\Common7\\Tools

hope it solves the issue.

Answer 6

I could solve this problem by downloading and installing the latest Windows 10 SDK from this link: https://software-download.microsoft.com/download/pr/19041.685.201201-2105.vb_release_svc_prod1_WindowsSDK.iso

but then another problem appeared with (cpython):

error C2039: 'exc_type': is not a member of '_ts'

which I could resolve by declaring additional pointers in

(...\python38\include\cpython\pystate.h)

I found these at line 77:

/* The exception currently being raised */
PyObject *curexc_type;
PyObject *curexc_value;
PyObject *curexc_traceback;

and I add the following just after them (without the first three letters "cur"):

/* The exception currently being raised */
PyObject *exc_type;
PyObject *exc_value;
PyObject *exc_traceback;