如何在Python中正确更改文件路径的名称？

Question

My code

specFileName = input("Enter the file path of the program you would like to capslock: ")



inFile = open(specFileName, 'r')
ified = inFile.read().upper()

outFile = open(specFileName + "UPPER", 'w')
outFile.write(ified)
outFile.close()


print(inFile.read())

This is basically make to take in any file, capitalize everything, and put it into a new file called UPPER"filename". How do I add the "UPPER" bit into the variable without it being at the very end or very beginning? As it won't work like that due to the rest of the file path in the beginning and the file extension at the end. For example, C:/users/me/directory/file.txt would become C:/users/me/directory/UPPERfile.txt

Answer 1

Look into the methods os.path.split and os.path.splitext from the os.path module.

Also, quick reminder: don't forget to close your "infile".

Answer 2

Depending on exactly how you're trying to do this, there's several approaches.

First of all you probably want to grab just the filename, not the whole path. Do this with os.path.split .

>>> pathname = r"C:\windows\system32\test.txt"
>>> os.path.split(pathname)
('C:\\windows\\system32', 'test.txt')

Then you can also look at os.path.splitext

>>> filename = "test.old.txt"
>>> os.path.splitext(filename)
('test.old', '.txt')

And finally string formatting would be good

>>> test_string = "Hello, {}"
>>> test_string.format("world") + ".txt"
"Hello, world.txt"

Put 'em together and you've probably got something like:

def make_upper(filename, new_filename):
    with open(filename) as infile:
        data = infile.read()
    with open(new_filename) as outfile:
        outfile.write(data.upper())

def main():
    user_in = input("What's the path to your file? ")
    path = user_in # just for clarity
    root, filename = os.path.split(user_in)
    head,tail = os.path.splitext(filename)
    new_filename = "UPPER{}{}".format(head,tail)
    new_path = os.path.join(root, new_filename)
    make_upper(path, new_path)