Linux脚本查找包含特定格式的字符串并处理数据

Question

I need to create a linux script to search for lines in a file that are formatted like this:

text:text:text:text:number:number

so 6 text/number strings divided by 5 semicolon

For example:

2f0d:011a0000:07f8:0002:1:0

I want to treat the semicolon as column divider

eg

Column1:Column2:Column3:Column4:Column5:Column6

I then want to rearrange the data like so:

Column1:Column3:Column4:Column2 discarding column5 & column6

For example:

2f0d:07f8:0002:011a0000

I then want to replace semicolon with underscore, remove leading Zeros from each column & convert to UPERCASE

For example:

2F0D_7F8_2_11A0000

End Result

in file1, an entry like this

2f0d:011a0000:07f8:0002:1:0
E4+1
p:BSkyB,C:0000

will be converted to this:

2F0D_7F8_2_11A0000                    
E4+1
p:BSkyB,C:0000

Please note also, there are 100's if not 1000s of these 3 line entries in file1

Answer 1

kent$  awk -F: -v OFS="_" 'NF==6{for(i=1;i<=4;i++){sub(/^0*/,"",$i);$i=toupper($i)};print $1,$3,$4,$2;next}7' file  
2F0D_7F8_2_11A0000
E4+1
p:BSkyB,C:0000

you may want to know that, in awk:

• sub(pat, rep,input) will do replacement;
• toupper(string) will change string into upper case (yes, there is tolower() too)
• print $1,$2 will print col1 and col2 separated by OFS

the command much more important than the above one-liner:

man gawk

Answer 2

a solution using sed:

 sed -r 's/^0*([a-f0-9]+):0*([a-f0-9]+):0*([a-f0-9]+):0*([a-f0-9]+):[a-f0-9]+:[a-f0-9]+$/\1_\3_\4_\2/'

see DEMO

Answer 3

与sed：

sed -r 's/^0*([[:alnum:]]+):0*([[:alnum:]]+):0*([[:alnum:]]+):0*([[:alnum:]]+):0*([[:digit:]]+):0*([[:digit:]]+)$/\U\1_\3_\4_\2/' foo