在Python 3中加载Python 2 .npy文件

Question

I'm trying to load /usr/share/matplotlib/sample_data/goog.npy :

datafile = matplotlib.cbook.get_sample_data('goog.npy', asfileobj=False)
np.load(datafile)

It's fine in Python 2.7, but raises an exception in Python 3.4:

UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xd4 in position 1: ordinal not in range(128)

I assume it has something to do with bytes/str/unicode inconsistency between Python 2 and 3, but have no idea how to get through.

Question:

• How to load a .npy file (NumPy data) from Python 2 in Python 3?

Answer 1

The problem is that the file contains serialized (pickled) Python datetime objects, and not just numerical data. The Python serialization format for these objects is not compatible across Py2 to Py3:

python2
>>> import pickle
>>> pickle.dumps(datetime.datetime.now())
"cdatetime\ndatetime\np0\n(S'\\x07\\xde\\x06\\t\\x0c\\r\\x19\\x0f\\x1fP'\np1\ntp2\nRp3\n."

and

python3
>>> import pickle
>>> pickle.loads(b"cdatetime\ndatetime\np0\n(S'\\x07\\xde\\x06\\t\\x0c\\r\\x19\\x0f\x1fP'\np1\ntp2\nRp3\n.")
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xde in position 1: ordinal not in range(128)

A workaround is to change inside Numpy code

numpy/lib/format.py:
...
446         array = pickle.load(fp)

to array = pickle.load(fp, encoding="bytes") . A better solution would be to allow numpy.load pass on the encoding parameter.

Answer 2

In python 3.5 with numpy 1.10.4, using the following command works for me ;

D = np.load(file, encoding = 'latin1')

It fails with the same error message when I don't specify the encoding.

Answer 3

One workaround which helped me is to dump the numpy array loaded in python2.* to a csv file and then read it back in python3.*

# Dump in python2
import numpy as np

datafile = matplotlib.cbook.get_sample_data('goog.npy', asfileobj=False)
arr = np.load(datafile)
np.savetxt("np_arr.csv", arr, delimiter=",")

Now read the file back in python3

# Load in python3
import numpy as np
arr = np.loadtxt(open("np_arr.csv"), delimiter=",")