[英]Why do I need to cast the lpBuffer (LPTSTR) parameter in FormatMessage?
In Windows' FormatMessage() function, the parameter: 在Windows的FormatMessage()函数中,参数:
_Out_ LPTSTR lpBuffer
Is doing my head in. Following along from Hart's Windows System Programming book, I'm declaring an LPTSTR
pointer to be used as the lpBuffer
(eg LPTSTR errortext;
), and then calling the FormatMessage()
function. 尽我所能。从Hart的Windows系统编程书开始,我要声明一个
LPTSTR
指针用作lpBuffer
(例如LPTSTR errortext;
),然后调用FormatMessage()
函数。
The correct way to pass in this parameter is: (LPTSTR)&errorText
传递此参数的正确方法是:
(LPTSTR)&errorText
This works fine. 这很好。 But I don't understand why I need to write
(LPTSTR)
. 但是我不明白为什么我需要写
(LPTSTR)
。 I understand that's typecasting and I read about it but it doesn't make sense to me, because I'm not changing the variable type or anything, I declared it as an LPTSTR
and I'm passing its memory address to the function, the function expects an LPTSTR
and I passed it an LPTSTR
, so why do I need to put (LPTSTR)
as part of the lpBuffer
parameter? 我知道这是类型转换,但我对它没有了解,因为我没有更改变量类型或任何内容,我将其声明为
LPTSTR
,并将其内存地址传递给函数,即函数需要一个LPTSTR
并且我将它传递给LPTSTR
,那么为什么我需要将(LPTSTR)
作为lpBuffer
参数的一部分?
The parameter lpBuffer
of FormatMessage()
is documented as follows: FormatMessage()
的参数lpBuffer
记录如下:
A pointer to a buffer that receives the null-terminated string that specifies the formatted message.
指向缓冲区的指针,该缓冲区接收以空终止的字符串,该字符串指定格式化的消息。 If dwFlags includes FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER, the function allocates a buffer using the LocalAlloc function, and places the pointer to the buffer at the address specified in lpBuffer.
如果dwFlags包含FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER,则该函数使用LocalAlloc函数分配缓冲区,并将指向该缓冲区的指针放在lpBuffer中指定的地址处。
So there are 2 different usages of FormatMessage()
, 因此,
FormatMessage()
有2种不同的用法,
1) Provide your own buffer 1)提供您自己的缓冲区
const DWORD bufsize = ....;
TCHAR buf[bufsize];
FormatMessage(.... buf, bufsize, ....); // buf is passed as a TCHAR*
2) FormatMessage allocates a buffer for you 2)FormatMessage为您分配一个缓冲区
const DWORD bufsize = ....;
TCHAR* buf = 0;
FormatMessage(FORMAT_MESSAGE_ALLOCATE_BUFFER | ....,
.... (LPTSTR)&buf, bufsize, ....); // &buf is a TCHAR** so type-cast needed!
....
LocalFree(buf);
In #1, you have to pass the address of the first TCHAR
in your buffer, and the function simply fills it the buffer. 在#1中,您必须在缓冲区中传递第一个
TCHAR
的地址,该函数只是将其填充到缓冲区中。
In #2, the function needs to tell you where it allocates a new buffer, so you have to tell it where to place that address. 在#2中,该函数需要告诉您它在哪里分配新缓冲区,因此您必须告诉它将该地址放在何处。 You have to pass the address of a pointer variable that receives the address.
您必须传递一个接收该地址的指针变量的地址。
In short: 简而言之:
TCHAR*
to an existing buffer TCHAR*
到现有缓冲区 TCHAR**
that receives a new buffer TCHAR**
That is why the lpBuffer
parameter has to be type-casted when using #2. 这就是使用#2时必须类型转换
lpBuffer
参数的原因。
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