如何用bash的sudo tee在文件中写入$ something？

Question

This is my bash script that write a custom nginx server block aka virtualhost.

sudo tee /etc/nginx/sites-available/master <<EOF
server {
    listen      80;
    server_name localhost;
    root        /home/capt/WebRoot;

    location / {
        index       index.php;
        try_files   $uri $uri/ /index.php?q=$uri&$args;
    }

    error_page 404 /index.php;

    location ~ \.php$ {
        include                         fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_index                   index.php;
        fastcgi_pass                    unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock;
        fastcgi_split_path_info         ^(.+\.php)(/.+)$;
        fastcgi_param PATH_INFO         $fastcgi_path_info;
        fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED   $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME   $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
    }
}
EOF

Everything was well written except where there is a $ as in this part:

fastcgi_param PATH_INFO         ;
fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED   ;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME   ;

How to resolve this issue?

Answer 1

Just quote your EOF :

sudo tee /etc/nginx/sites-available/master <<'EOF'

BTW: anything with $ should be broken, not just the mentioned lines.

Example:

#! /bin/bash

cat <<'EOF'
a=$1
EOF

cat <<EOF
a=$1
EOF

Execution:

bash test.sh 
a=$1
a=

Answer 2

Escape each $ character with backslash \\ .

So the three lines should look like this:

fastcgi_param PATH_INFO         \$fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED   \$document_root\$fastcgi_path_info;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME   \$document_root\$fastcgi_script_name;

I guess there is also problem with (at least) $uri earlier in the file which you probably missed. So just precisely escape each occurance of $ .

Answer 3

    fastcgi_param PATH_INFO         $fastcgi_path_info;
    fastcgi_param PATH_TRANSLATED   $document_root$fastcgi_path_info;
    fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME   $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;

Since the words above beginning with $ are considered variables in bash, and are not yet initialized, they are empty. You should expect exactly the output you get. As provided, escape the $ with \\$ and you will be fine.