[英]error in generating .ko file for simple hello world module for linux kernel
I am a beginner in linux kernel development and trying to load a simple module in linux. 我是linux内核开发的初学者,并试图在linux中加载一个简单的模块。 I have created an hello.c file, to be loaded as kernel module.
我创建了一个hello.c文件,将其作为内核模块加载。
#include <linux/module.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/init.h> MODULE_LICENSE("GPL"); MODULE_DESCRIPTION("A Simple Hello World module"); static int __init hello_init(void) { printk(KERN_INFO "Hello world!\\n"); return 0; } static void __exit hello_cleanup(void) { printk(KERN_INFO "Cleaning up module.\\n"); } module_init(hello_init); module_exit(hello_cleanup);
this hello.c and the makefile both, I have kept in /home/linux/ directory. 这个hello.c和makefile都保存在/ home / linux /目录中。
makefile 生成文件
obj-m +=hello.o src= /usr/src/linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic all: $(MAKE) -C $(src) SUBDIR-$(PWD) modules clean: rm -rf *.o *.ko
to generate .ko file, when I run the make command on terminal from the /home/linux directory , I get following error 生成.ko文件,当我从/ home / linux目录在终端上运行make命令时,出现以下错误
h2o@h2o-Vostro-1015:~/linux$ make make -C /usr/src/linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic SUBDIR-/home/h2o/linux modules make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic' make[1]: *** No rule to make target `SUBDIR-/home/h2o/linux'. Stop. make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-3.5.0-17-generic' make: *** [all] Error 2
kindly advise what am I missing or doing wrong.. 请告知我我想念的是什么或做错了..
Makefile Makefile文件
obj-m := hello.o # Module Name is hello.c
obj-m:= hello.o#模块名称是hello.c
KDIR := /lib/modules/$(shell uname -r)/build
KDIR:= / lib / modules / $(shell uname -r)/ build
all: $(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) modules
全部:$(MAKE)-C $(KDIR)M = $(PWD)个模块
clean: $(MAKE) -C $(KDIR) M=$(PWD) clean $(RM) Module.markers modules.order
清理:$(MAKE)-C $(KDIR)M = $(PWD)清理$(RM)Module.markers modules.order
its not guaranteed that headers file will always be located in /usr/src directory, but it will surely be located in /lib/modules directory. 它不能保证头文件将始终位于/ usr / src目录中,但一定会位于/ lib / modules目录中。
to find out which header files to be present run ` 找出要运行的头文件
uname -r
匿名-r
on terminal, output will be like 在终端上,输出将像
3.5.0-17-generic
to install header files run 安装头文件运行
sudo apt-get install linux-headers-$(uname -r)
You have: 你有:
$(MAKE) -C $(src) SUBDIR-$(PWD) modules
But it seems like you want: 但似乎您想要:
$(MAKE) -C $(src)/SUBDIR-$(PWD) modules
Or something along those lines; 或类似的规定; where does the source code live?
源代码在哪里? You need to
-C
there. 您需要在那里
-C
。
Kernel build system is a bit complex. 内核构建系统有点复杂。 It would be good to read the kernel build process documentation.
最好阅读内核构建过程文档。 Which gives better understanding about, say,
这样可以更好地理解例如
modules / modules_install
modules / modules_install
-C $KDIR / M=$PWD
-C $KDIR / M=$PWD
$ make -C <path_to_kernel_src> M=$PWD
$ make -C /lib/modules/
uname -r /build M=$PWD
$ make -C /lib/modules/
uname -r /build M=$PWD
$ make -C /lib/modules/
uname -r /build M=$PWD modules_install
$ make -C /lib/modules/
uname -r /build M=$PWD modules_install
obj-m
obj-m
etc... 等等...
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