TestNG - 测试类之间的共享状态

Question

I have a testng suite of test classes that I am running via a testng.xml file. This works fine. All tests are run serially, so no parallel-execution hurdles.

My goal now is to take state that was generated by the test methods in one test class (eg, a customerId primary key value generated by a database insert) and pass it along to another test class, so that the test methods in that second class can take further action based on that shared state (eg, look up the just-inserted customer using the customerId value from the first class).

It's easy to share state between test methods in a single class, of course, via class member variables, but I don't see how to share it across test classes.

Answer 1

Really Testng-y way to do this is to set ITestContext attribute with desired value and then get it from other test class.

Set value:

@Test
public void setvaluetest(ITestContext context) {
        String customerId = "GDFg34fDF";
        context.setAttribute("customerId", customerId);
}

Get value:

@Test
public void getvaluetest(ITestContext context) {
        String id = context.getAttribute("customerId");
}

Answer 2

Use a factory to create a repository. The repository stores "interesting test state" properties.

  TestRepository tr = TestRepositoryFactory.getInstance();
  ...
  tr.store("test13.PKID", pkid.toString());

and then in your subsequent code, repeat the call to the factory and then get the value:

  String spkid = tr.get("test13.PKID");

Answer 3

Another way is to use means of object oriented programming.

Common structure of tests for example:

• TestBase.java (parent class for all other test classes, has methods like @BeforeTest, @AfterSuite, etc.)
  • RegistrationTests.java (extends TestBase, )
  • ShoppingTests.java (extends TestBase)
  • and WhateverElseTests.java (extends TestBase)

So TestBase has all shared data as static fields eg Customer object:

public class TestBase {

    protected static final BrowserManager bw = new BrowserManager();
    protected static Customer customer;

    @BeforeSuite
    public void initBrowser() {
        bw.init();
    }

    @AfterSuite
    public void terminateBrowser() {
        bw.terminate();
    }

}

And access to customer in tests, eg ShoppingTests.java :

public class ShoppingTests extends TestBase {

    @Test
    public void doSomethingTest() {

        bw.navigateTo().shoppingPage();

        bw.shoppingPreparationHelper().checkDisplayedName(customer.name);
        ...

NB: tests that share objects should go in a strict sequence (first - test that init object, then - test that uses object's data), so use @Test(dependsOnMethods = "someMethodTest") . Otherwise you are in risk of NullPointerException for customer .

PS: Object-oriented way has great advantage over ITestContext because you can pass any object(s) from test to test (also between classes), not just string attribute.

Answer 4

As we know from TestNG JavaDoc, ITestContext defines a test context which contains all the information for a given test run. An instance of this context is passed to the test listeners so they can query information about their environment. So we can share generated data from one class in this test with another class in this test.

Producer.java

public List<String> groupIds = ...;
@AfterClass(alwaysRun = true)
public void reserveGroupIds(ITestContext ctx) {
    ctx.setAttribute(GROUPS_ATTR, groupIds);
}

Consumer.java

public List<String> groupIds;
@BeforeClass(alwaysRun = true)
public void fetchGroupIds(ITestContext ctx) {
    groupIds = (List<String>) ctx.getAttribute(Producer.GROUPS_ATTR);
}

mySuite.xml

...
<test>
  <classes>
    <class name= "Producer"/>
    <class name= "Consumer"/>
  </classes>
</test>
...