grep中的正则表达式包含A，B，C ......但不包含Z的文件

Question

Spent a few hours trying to answer this question on my own using partial answers to this question; so I apologize if this has already been answered, but combining the partial solutions I could find to properly perform this search seems to be beyond me.

What I'm trying to do: Search through a directory for files containing multiple unique strings in any order, anywhere in the file, but not containing another certain string anywhere in the file.

Here's the search I have so far:

pcregrep -riM '^(?=.*uniquestringA)(?=.*uniquestringB)(?=.*uniquestringC)(?=.*uniquestringD)(?=.*uniquestringE).*$' . 
| xargs grep -Li 'uniquestringZ'

I realize that this is horribly, horribly wrong as I can't even seem to get the multi-line search to work while ignoring the order the strings appear.

Any help is greatly appreciated.

Answer 1

If your grep has lookaheads, you should be able to do

^(?!.*Z)(?=.*A)(?=.*B)(?=.*C)(.*)$

See it work

With this file:

$ cat /tmp/grep_tgt.txt
A,B,C      # should match
A,B,C,D    # should match
A,C,D      # no match, lacking upper b
A,B,C,Z    # no match, has upper z

You can use perl one liner:

$ perl -ne 'print if /^(?!.*Z)(?=.*A)(?=.*B)(?=.*C)(.*)$/' /tmp/grep_tgt.txt
A,B,C      # should match
A,B,C,D    # should match

With file names:

$ find . -type f
./.DS_Store
./A-B-C
./A-B-C-Z
./A-C-D
./sub/A-B-C-D

You can filter the file names with perl:

$ find . -type f | perl -ne 'print if /^(?!.*Z)(?=.*A)(?=.*B)(?=.*C)(.*)$/'
./A-B-C
./sub/A-B-C-D

If you want to read the file contents to test for a pattern (like grep), you can do:

$ find . -type f | xargs perl -ne 'print "$ARGV: $&\n" if /^
(?!.*Z)(?=.*A)(?=.*B)(?=.*C)(.*)$/'
./1.txt: A B C     # should match
./2.txt: A,B,C,D    # should match

where I put four files in a directory (1.txt .. 4.txt) with the text inside of 1.txt and 2.txt that match.

Answer 2

While it requires a lot of grep invocations, you can just write it out with find and grep in a simple and POSIX compliant way:

find . -type f \
  -exec grep -q "stringA" {} \; \
  -exec grep -q "stringB" {} \; \
  -exec grep -q "stringC" {} \; \
  -exec grep -q "stringD" {} \; \
  ! -exec grep -q "stringZ" {} \; \
  -print  # or whatever to do with matches