awk用先前的非空列值填充空列值：
[英]awk to Fill Empty Column value with Previous Non-Empty Column value:
问题描述
Would like to read the first column then Fill downward Empty Column value with Previous Non-Empty Column value. 
想要读取第一列，然后用“先前的非空列”值向下填充“空列”值。
Input.txt Input.txt
20 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
Have tried below command script and it is working fine if the file separted "," de-limiter and it is not working for FS="" and FS ="\\t" for the above sample input. 尝试了以下命令脚本，如果文件分隔符“，”分隔符并且对于上述示例输入的FS =“”和FS =“ \\ t”不起作用，则该文件可以正常工作。
$ awk -f FillEmpty.awk Input.txt
$ cat FillEmpty.awk
BEGIN { FS = "" }
$1 != "" { print }
$1 == "" {
# fill in blanks
for (i = 1; i <= NR; i++)
if ($i == "")
$i = Saved[i]
print
}
{
# save all fields
for (i = 1; i <= NR; i++)
Saved[i] = $i
}
Desired Output: 所需输出：
20 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
20 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
20 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
20 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
20 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
Any suggestions ...! 有什么建议么 ...！
4 个解决方案
解决方案1
4
Awk way with formatting preserved 保留格式的AWK方式
awk '/^ /{$0=(x)substr($0,21)}{x=substr($0,0,20)}1' file
And another way without needing the length of fields(very similar to tom feneches answer) 还有一种不需要字段长度的方法（非常类似于tom feneches的回答）
awk '/^ /{$0=(x)substr($0,length(x)+1)}{x=$1}1' file
Output of both 两者的输出
20 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
20 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
20 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
20 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
20 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
解决方案2
1 2014-08-07 12:35:43
You can use this: 您可以使用此：
awk 'NF==8{m=$1}NF!=8{$0=m$0}1' the.file
However it will break the output formatting. 但是，它将破坏输出格式。
解决方案3
1 已采纳 2014-08-07 12:41:43
This works for fixed width: 这适用于固定宽度：
awk 'substr($0,0,24) ~ $1 { f=$1 }{ $0=f substr($0, length(f)+1) } 1' file
If there is something in the first column, save the value to f . 如果第一列中有内容，请将值保存到f 。 Either way, substitute the value into the line. 无论哪种方式，都将值替换为该行。 The 1 at the end ensures that the line is printed. 末尾的1可确保打印该行。
Testing it out: 测试一下：
$ awk 'substr($0,0,24) ~ $1 { f=$1 }{ $0=f substr($0, length(f)+1) } 1' file
20 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
20 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
20 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
20 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
20 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
解决方案4
1 2014-08-07 12:51:28
awk '/^[ \t]/ { sub(/^[ \t]+/, ""); print t $0; next }
{ match($0, /^[^ \t]+[ \t]+/); t = substr($0, RSTART, RLENGTH) }
1' file
Output: 输出：
20 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
20 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
20 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
20 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
20 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
210&&-2 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 0 ABC 1 N DEFABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 1 ABC 1 N GHIABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 2 ABC 1 N JKLABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 3 ABC 1 N MNOABC 0 CHARGE
2130&&-4&-6&&-9 4 ABC 1 N PQRABC 0 CHARGE
声明:本站的技术帖子网页，遵循CC BY-SA 4.0协议，如果您需要转载，请注明本站网址或者原文地址。任何问题请咨询:yoyou2525@163.com.