getline错误

Question

I'm getting an error here, and am not sure why, I'm very new to c++ and if you could look at the rest of my code, to make sure it is alright that would be great.

I'm getting an error on these two lines.

getline(in, e.first, ',');
getline(in, e.last, ',');

It's saying class Employee has no member First, and I know that it's not in that function, how can I fix it?

Here is the rest of my code.

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

struct Person {
    string first;
    string last;
};

struct Address {
    string street;
    string city;
    string state;
    string zipcode;
};

struct Employee {
    Person name;
    Address homeAddress;
    int eid;
};

void readEmployee(istream& in, Employee& e);
void displayEmployee(ostream& out, const Employee& e);

int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
    Employee e[50];

    ifstream fin;
    ofstream fout;

    fin.open("employeesIn.txt");

    if (!fin.is_open()) {
        cerr << "Error opening employeesIn.txt for reading." << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    fout.open("employeesOut.txt");
    if (!fout.is_open()) {
        cerr << "Error opening employeesOut.txt for writing." << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    int EmployeePopulation = 0;
    readEmployee(fin, e[EmployeePopulation]);
    while (!fin.eof()) {
        EmployeePopulation++;
        readEmployee(fin, e[EmployeePopulation]);
    }
    fin.close();
    for (int i = 0; i <= EmployeePopulation - 1; i++) {
        displayEmployee(fout, e[i]);
    }

    fout.close();

    cout << endl;

    return 0;
}

void readEmployee(istream& in, Employee& e) {
    string cidText;
    if (getline(in, cidText, ',')) {
        e.eid = stoi(cidText);

        getline(in, e.first, ',');
        getline(in, e.last, ',');

        getline(in, e.homeAddress.street, ',');
        getline(in, e.homeAddress.city, ',');
        getline(in, e.homeAddress.state, ',');

        string zipcodeText;
        getline(in, zipcodeText, ',');
        e.homeAddress.zipcode = stoi(zipcodeText);
    }
}

Answer 1

How about we rename the Person struct to be a Name struct instead?
(It only contains a first and last after all.)
That would give us this:

struct Name {
    string first;
    string last;
}; 

So what does an Employee look like now?
It looks like this:

 +-------------+ | Employee | | | | +---------+ | | | Name | | | +---------+ | | | | +---------+ | | | Address | | | +---------+ | | | +-------------+ 

Name is a part of Employee , but where is first and last ? They are a part of Name .
Here is the same picture, except it goes a layer deeper to show you first and last :

+---------------+
|   Employee    |
|               |
| +-----------+ |
| |   Name    | |
| |           | |
| | +-------+ | |
| | | first | | |
| | +-------+ | |
| |           | |
| | +-------+ | |
| | | last  | | |
| | +-------+ | |
| |           | |
| +-----------+ |
|               |
|  +---------+  |
|  | Address |  |
|  +---------+  |
|               |
+---------------+

You need to use TWO dot operators ('.'), to access first and last , because they are TWICE as deep.

Employee e;
e.name.first = "Joe";

Your code as been re-factored to reflect these changes:

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

struct Name {
    string first;
    string last;
};

struct Address {
    string street;
    string city;
    string state;
    string zipcode;
};

struct Employee {
    Name name;
    Address homeAddress;
    int eid;
};

void readEmployee(istream& in, Employee& e);
void displayEmployee(ostream& out, const Employee& e);

int main(int argc, const char* argv[]) {
    Employee e[50];

    ifstream fin;
    ofstream fout;

    fin.open("employeesIn.txt");

    if (!fin.is_open()) {
        cerr << "Error opening employeesIn.txt for reading." << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    fout.open("employeesOut.txt");
    if (!fout.is_open()) {
        cerr << "Error opening employeesOut.txt for writing." << endl;
        exit(1);
    }
    int EmployeePopulation = 0;
    readEmployee(fin, e[EmployeePopulation]);
    while (!fin.eof()) {
        EmployeePopulation++;
        readEmployee(fin, e[EmployeePopulation]);
    }
    fin.close();
    for (int i = 0; i <= EmployeePopulation - 1; i++) {
        displayEmployee(fout, e[i]);
    }

    fout.close();

    cout << endl;

    return 0;
}

void readEmployee(istream& in, Employee& e) {
    string cidText;
    if (getline(in, cidText, ',')) {
        e.eid = stoi(cidText);

        getline(in, e.name.first, ',');
        getline(in, e.name.last, ',');

        getline(in, e.homeAddress.street, ',');
        getline(in, e.homeAddress.city, ',');
        getline(in, e.homeAddress.state, ',');

        string zipcodeText;
        getline(in, zipcodeText, ',');
        e.homeAddress.zipcode = stoi(zipcodeText);
    }
}
void displayEmployee(ostream& out, const Employee& e){

  //you can access the specific name values this way:
  cout <<  e.name.first << " " << e.name.last << endl;

  return;
}