mkvirtualenv：找不到命令

Question

I'm new to Python virtual environments, so after reading this tutorial I tried to create my first environment using virtualenvwrapper . My python3 installation is at the bare bones now:

$ pip3 list
argparse (1.2.1)
pip (1.5.6)
setuptools (2.1)
stevedore (0.15)
virtualenv (1.11.6)
virtualenv-clone (0.2.5)
virtualenvwrapper (4.3.1)

As suggested by the tutorial, I added the following lines to my .bashrc file:

export WORKON_HOME=$HOME/.virtualenvs
source /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/bin/virtualenvwrapper_lazy.sh

which results in the following message when I open a new Terminal:

Last login: Wed Sep 10 22:33:17 on ttys006
-bash: _VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_API: unbound variable
-bash: VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_SCRIPT: unbound variable
-bash: VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_SCRIPT: unbound variable
-bash: _VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_API: unbound variable
-bash: _VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_API: unbound variable
complete: usage: complete [-abcdefgjksuv] [-pr] [-o option] [-A action] [-G globpat] [-W wordlist] [-P prefix] [-S suffix] [-X filterpat] [-F function] [-C command] [name ...]

I don't understand what the problem is, but clearly the source /Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.4/bin/virtualenvwrapper_lazy.sh line fails because then I can't even find the mkvirtualenv command:

$ mkvirtualenv test1 -p /usr/bin/python3.3
-bash: mkvirtualenv: command not found

I found this post and this one , with similar problems, but none of them gave me a solution.

Answer 1

I added the following in my .bashrc, referring this

export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

Now mkvirtualenv works-

pkoli@pkoli-SVE15136CNB:~/Desktop$ mkvirtualenv BUGS
Using base prefix '/usr'
New python executable in BUGS/bin/python3
Also creating executable in BUGS/bin/python
Installing setuptools, pip...done.

Answer 2

I ran into the same problem and I fixed it with by following the tutorial:

http://exponential.io/blog/2015/02/10/install-virtualenv-and-virtualenvwrapper-on-ubuntu/

Part 1: Install the required packages

sudo apt-get install python-pip python-dev build-essential

sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper

sudo pip install --upgrade pip

Part 2: Setup virtualenvwrapper in ~/.bashrc.

I used vim to edit ~/.bashrc.

Firstly, install vim with the command:

sudo apt-get install vim

Secondly, edit ~/.bashrc

vi .bashrc

enter [Shift] + [g] // G (shift + g): to go the end of the file

enter [a] //Type a to edit the file

Then insert three lines:

export WORKON_HOME=~/virtualenvs

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=[link-to-python-folder]

source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

where [link-to-python-folder] can be, for example:

• if you are using python 3,

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/user/bin/python3

• if you are using python 2,

export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/user/bin/python

Next, enter [Esc] then :wq

The Esc key means return the command line, :wq means save the changes and exit vi .

Part 3: Enable the virtual environment.

source ~/.bashrc

mkdir -p $WORKON_HOME

Now, you can try again with mkvirtualenv :

mkvirtualenv your_project

• To enable the 'your_project' virtual environment:

  workon your_project

• To exit it:

  deactivate

I noticed that when I installed separately virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper (with two times of 'sudo pip install'), I failed when run source ~/.bashrc because of a failure of the importing the module virtualenvwrapper.hook_loader , so although you really installed virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper , let try it one more time with sudo pip install virtualenv virtualenvwrapper .

Hope you find it useful!

Answer 3

export WORKON_HOME=~/Virtualenvs
export PROJECT_HOME=~/Devel
export VIRTUALENVWRAPPER_PYTHON=/usr/bin/python
source /usr/local/bin/virtualenvwrapper.sh

If you have a clean installation of virtualenv and virtualenvwrapper, then this should work in mac OS. It did for me.