htaccess mod_rewrite合并

Question

Is there a way to consolidate the following two lines into a single line ?

RewriteRule . /pages/article.php [L]
RewriteRule $ /pages/article.php [L]

Since it is a similar issue (consolidation of htaccess directives), I also need assistance consolidating the following into a single line as well :

SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "^http://www.example.com/" locally_linked=1
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "^http://www.example.com$" locally_linked=1
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "^http://example.com/" locally_linked=1
SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "^http://example.com$" locally_linked=1

Thanks in advance.

Answer 1

The two RewriteRule directives can be combined, mainly because the second doesn't do anything especially useful. The $ anchor will always be present in the input string, so that rule matches any input . The first rule only has a single . which matches any one character, but since it has no ^$ anchors, that one character can be anywhere in the string.

Essentially the sum of these two is to match any string with or without a character. That can be reduced to:

RewriteRule .* /pages/article.php [L]

The .* will match zero or more characters, but not capture them for reuse in a variable. There's no real need to test the $ anchor.

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The SetEnvIfNoCase can be all combined if you make use of an optional grouping ()? and make the trailing slash optional with /? . This should match all 4 possibilities, since the www. is made optional, and the trailing / is optional.

SetEnvIfNoCase Referer "^http://(www\.)?example\.com/?$" locally_linked=1

Note, I have escaped the . in the regular expression since they are otherwise interpreted as metacharacters, even though technically the also match the literal . And the double quotes surrounding the regular expression should not actually be needed, but aren't harmful either.