如何在C中的char *字符串中转义特殊字符

Question

I'm getting a string from fgets function. I want to clean that string into a new string so that the second has all special and potentially dangerous characters scaped, something similar to what you could do with addslashes() or mysql_real_escape_string() in PHP. As defined in the PHP Manual:

mysql_real_escape_string() calls MySQL's library function mysql_real_escape_string, which prepends backslashes to the following characters: \\x00, \\n, \\r, \\, ', " and \\x1a.

I do not intent to send this data to a mysql query nor do I have a current connection to any SQL server, just want it cleaned in a simple CLI C program running in a linux machine. This is gonna be used in a simple Static Analysis with Splint . I have looked into several other questions here and haven't got it.

void clean_string(char * origin, char * destiny)
{ 
   //copies the origin to destiny scaping characters
}

Answer 1

You can work with the string directly. Loop through each position of the character array and if you have a special character then just replace it with something else.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main()
{
  char str[] = "Hello\tworld\n!";
  int i, len;

  len = strlen(str);

  printf("%s\n", str);

  for (i = 0; i < len; ++i) {
    switch (str[i]) {
    case '\n':
      str[i] = '$';
      break;
    case '\t':
      str[i] = '$';
      break;
    }
  }

  printf("%s\n", str);

  return 0;
}

Answer 2

It is still unclear why you think the string has "dangerous" chars, but if you want to escape some of them:

const char *str = "my dangerous";
const char *ooh = "aeoui\\";

char buf[BIG_ENOUGH];
size_t bp = 0;

for (size_t sp = 0; str[sp]; sp++) {
    if (strchr(ooh, str[sp])) buf[bp++] = '\\';
    buf[bp++] = str[sp];
}
buf[bp] = 0;