为什么我的char数组打印随机的尾随字符？

Question

I'm a complete novice to programming and I really need your help. After calling AddS more than once, and then calling ListS to display everything stored in struct subject *a, the first print of the struct member tag is printed only up to 12 characters correct, followed by random trailing characters. On the next iteration of the loop, tag is printed with all characters correct. I've tried lowering the size of tag and it seems that it removed the trailing characters. What exactly is happening here?

struct store
{
    char call[7], tag[450];
    int units;
};

void AddS(struct store *a, int *n)
{
    char ecode[8], etags[450];
    int f, error = 0;
    struct store *tempptr;

    scanf("%s", ecode);
    scanf("%d", &f);
    scanf("%s", etags); 

    NameLimit(ecode);
    if(Initial(ecode) && Occurrence(ecode, a, *n))
    {
        printf("Error.\n");
        error++;
    }

    if(!error)
    {
        if(*n)
        {       
            tempptr = realloc(a, *n + 1);
            a = tempptr;
        }

        if(tempptr || !*n)
        {
            strcpy((a + *subctr) -> call, ecode);
            (a + *n) -> units = f;

            if (etags[0] == '.')
                (a + *n) -> tag[0] = '\0';
            else
                strcpy((a + *n) -> tag, etags); 

            printf("%s added.\n", ecode);
            *n = *n + 1;
        }
        else if(tempptr == NULL)
        {
            printf("No space.\n");
            exit(1);
        }

    }       
}

void ListS(struct store *a, int n)
{
    int i, j;
    for(i = 0; i < n; i++)
        printf("%s %d %s\n", (a + i) -> call, (a + i) -> units, (a + i) -> tag);
}   

Answer 1

The second argument to realloc() is a byte size for the new allocation.

There's not enough code shown to be sure, but this:

tempptr = realloc(a, *subctr + 1);

should very probably be

tempptr = realloc(a, (*subctr + 1) * sizeof *a);

Answer 2

在结构struct subject定义的成员char code[7]小于您在AddS()函数中定义的char ecode[8] 。

Answer 3

Instead of using scanf to read input I would recommend you to use fgets and sscanf. Scanf is considered to be rather unsafe.