Java Switch语句混乱

Question

In my app (which is an Android game), I have a method which checks if the player is still alive, and if not, runs an animation and the game is over.

There are currently, 3 different animations available depending on how the player loses.

So, for example, they can fall off the screen, hit a bird, or get squash by something falling from the sky. Each one has a different animation.

Basically, what I'm doing is this:

When the player loses, I set the method by which it happened, so for example, if they were hit by a bird:

hero.setKilledBy(hero.HITBIRD);

Then I act of this by switching within my checkGameOver() method. However, I'm confused. I have to check it like so: (Note, in my cases, I have to put 0, 1, 2):

switch(hero.killedBy()){

    case 0: {                            
        fallOffScreenAnimation();break;
    }

    case 1: {
        hitBirdAnimation();break;
    }
    case 2: {
        squashedAnimation();
    }
}

within my hero object's class, I have the following methods

int killedBy;
final int FELLOFFSCREEN = 0;
final int HITBIRD = 1;
final int SQUASHED = 2;

int killedBy(){

    return killedBy;

}

int setKilledBy(int value){

    killedBy = value;

}

So, my question is, why can't I do something like this:

switch(hero.killedBy()){

    case hero.HITBIRD {
        fallOffScreenAnimation();break;
    }

 //............... and so on.......

Within the switch statement, my hero object, isn't recognised? Why is this? If I just type it anyway, (case hero.HITBIRD), I get this error:

case expressions must be constant expressions

Obviously, for readability, I would much prefer to use the variable names I've set rather than the raw numerical values......

Answer 1

Make your int constants static :

final static int FELLOFFSCREEN = 0;
final static int HITBIRD = 1;
final static int SQUASHED = 2;

As class constants, the values available and known before an instance of Hero is created.

---

However, for these reasons I would make these an enum and either switch on that, or have methods on the enum of what action to take when the hero dies because of it thus avoiding the switch altogether.

Answer 2

You can only use constants in cases. Your variables are instance variables, not constants. Each hero has a copy of those variables. They should be declared as:

static final int FELLOFFSCREEN = 0;
static final int HITBIRD = 1;
static final int SQUASHED = 2;

And your should access them using the class name, not the object:

case Hero.HITBIRD {

(assuming the class name is Hero).

Note that you should probably replace these constants by an enum:

public enum HeroDeathCause {
    FELL_OFF_SCREEN, HIT_BIRD, SQUASHED
}

This is more type-safe, and more self-descriptive.