Python脚本不会在键盘快捷键上运行
[英]Python script won't run on keyboard shortcut
问题描述
So i have plenty of scripts which i run from keyboard shortcuts, things like uploading screenshots to imgur and putting links in the clipboard, stuff for digitising plots, etc. 
所以我有很多脚本，我从键盘快捷键运行，比如上传截图到imgur并将链接放在剪贴板中，用于数字化图形的东西等等。
I have this current script, which only runs from the terminal, and not when i try to run it as a keyboard shortcut. 我有这个当前脚本，它只从终端运行，而不是当我尝试将其作为键盘快捷键运行时。
I'm trying to run it via the System > Preferences > Keyboard Shortcuts on Scientific linux 6.4 . 我正试图通过Scientific linux 6.4上的System > Preferences > Keyboard Shortcuts来运行它。
I've included the script below, in case there's anything specific about it which would stop it from working. 我已经包含了下面的脚本，以防有任何具体的内容可以阻止它工作。
#!/usr/bin/python
import fileinput, os
import subprocess
from pygments import highlight
from pygments.lexers import get_lexer_by_name, guess_lexer
import pygments.formatters as formatters
#stdin = "\n".join([line for line in fileinput.input()])
p = subprocess.Popen(["xclip", "-selection", "primary", "-o"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
code, err = p.communicate()
if not err:
lexer = guess_lexer(code)
print lexer.name
imageformatter = formatters.ImageFormatter(linenos=True, cssclass="source", font_name="Liberation Mono")
formatter = formatters.HtmlFormatter(linenos=True, cssclass="source")
HTMLresult = highlight(code, lexer, formatter)
Jpgresult = highlight(code, lexer, imageformatter, outfile=open("syntax.png", "w"))
with open("syntax.html", "w") as f:
f.write("<html><head><style media='screen' type='text/css'>")
f.write(formatters.HtmlFormatter().get_style_defs('.source'))
f.write("</style></head><body>")
f.write(HTMLresult)
f.write("</body></html>")
# os.system("pdflatex syntax.tex")
os.system("firefox syntax.html")
os.system("uploadImage.sh syntax.png")
else:
print err
The way it works, is by extracting the clipboard selection using xclip , using pygments on the text, and then both creating an html document and opening it in firefox, and uploading an image to imgur (using another script i have, which i know 100% works), and then putting that image url back into the clipboard. 它的工作方式是使用xclip提取剪贴板选择，使用文本上的pygments ，然后创建一个html文档并在firefox中打开它，并将图像上传到imgur（使用我拥有的另一个脚本，我知道100 ％工作），然后将该图像网址放回剪贴板。
The bin folder it resides in is in my path. 它所在的bin文件夹位于我的路径中。
I've tried all of: 我尝试了所有：
script
script.sh (where this file is just a shell script which calls the python script)
/home/will/bin/script
/home/will/bin/script.sh
as the command in the keyboard preferences . 作为keyboard preferences的command 。
If i change the contents of these scripts to just something like notify-send "hello" , and that then produces the notification message, so i'm fairlyconfident it's a probelm with the script, and not the keyboard shortcuts menu. 如果我将这些脚本的内容更改为notify-send "hello" ，然后生成通知消息，那么我相当自信，这是脚本的问题，而不是keyboard shortcuts菜单。
4 个解决方案
解决方案1
2 2015-07-09 16:58:32
I ran into exactly the same issue. 我遇到了完全相同的问题。 Here's how I fixed it: 以下是我修复它的方法：
First of all, I wrote a one-liner shell script that looked something like python /home/user/Scripts/script.py where "/home/user/Scripts/script.py" was the location of my Python. 首先，我编写了一个单行shell脚本，看起来像python /home/user/Scripts/script.py ，其中“/home/user/Scripts/script.py”是我Python的位置。 I placed this shell script in the executable path. 我将此shell脚本放在可执行文件路径中。
Next, when I went to make my shortcut, I didn't tell the computer to run the file. 接下来，当我去创建快捷方式时，我没有告诉计算机运行该文件。 I told the computer to start a terminal and gave the shell script as an argument to that terminal. 我告诉计算机启动终端并将shell脚本作为该终端的参数。 In my case, it looked something like: xfce4-terminal -x ralia.sh . 就我而言，它看起来像： xfce4-terminal -x ralia.sh 。
This works for me. 这适合我。
解决方案2
0 2015-03-11 21:32:07
A possible issue is $PATH being different between your interactive shell and the environment of the daemon or program that handles keyboard shortcuts. 可能的问题是$ PATH在您的交互式shell与守护程序或处理键盘快捷键的程序的环境之间存在差异。
Try right after "import os": 在“import os”之后立即尝试：
open("/tmp/debug.txt", "w").write(os.environ["PATH"])
Then run it with the keyboard shortcut and look at /tmp/debug.txt . 然后使用键盘快捷键运行它并查看/tmp/debug.txt 。
→ Try absolute paths for the binaries and if that doesn't help, consider jhutar's advice. →尝试二进制文件的绝对路径，如果这没有帮助，请考虑jhutar的建议。
解决方案3
0 2017-11-12 18:44:54
The problem is in "with open("syntax.html", "w") as f:". 问题在于“with open（”syntax.html“，”w“）为f：”。 When using keyboard shortcuts for the script, use full path of the files in the script. 使用脚本的键盘快捷键时，请使用脚本中文件的完整路径。
Instead of: 代替：
with open("syntax.html", "w") as f:
Use: 采用：
with open("/home/user/my_script_folder/syntax.html", "w") as f:
Change all filenames in your script to full path and it should work. 将脚本中的所有文件名更改为完整路径，它应该可以正常工作。
解决方案4
0 2018-11-26 12:15:48
I have had a similar issue. 我有类似的问题。 The problem is that it is necessary to use full paths to make it work using keyboard shortcuts. 问题是必须使用完整路径才能使用键盘快捷键。
In my case, this did not work: 就我而言，这不起作用：
#!/bin/bash
python scrypt.py
However, this did work: 但是，这确实有效：
#!/bin/bash
python /home/user/bin/scrypt.py
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