SQL：插入和查询组织数据列表的最佳方法是什么？

Question

This is a rather simple use case that I think there has got to be a "standard" solution for, but I can't find any examples.

I am fairly new to SQL (just started learning), so maybe it is blindingly obvious.

Say I have three arrays of data:

seconds: [0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5, 6]
height:  [0, 10, 20, 25, 20, 10, 0]
speed:   [10,10,  5,  0, -5,-10, 0]  

I am going to be getting a whole bunch more height and speed arrays, but they all have the same second/timestamp.

Questions:

• what is the best way to create a table/tables to store this data?
  • My current understanding is that I have to create a table who's columns are named "0", "1", "2", "3", etc -- is this correct???
• what is the best way to actually store this data using SQL commands?
• what is the best way to retrieve this data so that everything is in the same order I put it as?

Again, I think this question should be so easy it's stupid, but if something like this is NOT easy to do in SQL, I'm wondering if it is the data base I should be using.

Thanks

Thanks to binderbound for the answer

I was thinking of things from the viewpoint of something like Excel, where you would not want to ever store data downwards in column format. But it makes so much sense now because you have the power of sql to generate your queries to however you want them to be. You can put your data like his answer suggests and it is easy to query it how you want it.

Thanks a ton!

Answer 1

You don't have to create table's with columns 0, 1, 2, 3, etc. I would not recommend having six columns though. It's just bad schema design, even though it may work in your situation. Rather than store a whole trial in a row, each row should really only store an individual second. That way, adding more seconds in future is a fairly simple process

Following this principle, here is a rough schema

HeightSpeedEntry
_______________
TrialId   PK  int
Seconds   PK  int
Height    PK  int
Speed     PK  int

To create this table:

CREATE TABLE HeightSpeedEntry(
TrialId int,
Seconds int,
Height int,
Speed int,
CONSTRAINT pk_trial_seconds PRIMARY KEY (TrialId, Seconds));

To insert data row by row

INSERT INTO HeightSpeedEntry(TrialId, Seconds, Height, Speed)
VALUES (1, 0, 0, 10)

INSERT INTO HeightSpeedEntry(TrialId, Seconds, Height, Speed)
VALUES (1, 1, 10, 10)

To retrieve a set of records

SELECT * FROM HeightSpeedEntry
WHERE TrialId = 1
ORDER BY Seconds

How to actually pass the array into the insert statement in a non-manual fashion depends on where your array is coming from.

Just to re-clarify, what we're doing here is converting your records from this:

seconds: [0,  1,  2,  3,  4,  5, 6]
height:  [0, 10, 20, 25, 20, 10, 0]
speed:   [10,10,  5,  0, -5,-10, 0] 

to this:

HeightSpeedEntry: [1, 0, 0,  10 ]
HeightSpeedEntry: [1, 1, 10, 10 ]
HeightSpeedEntry: [1, 2, 20, 5  ]
HeightSpeedEntry: [1, 3, 25, 0  ]
HeightSpeedEntry: [1, 4, 20, -5 ]
HeightSpeedEntry: [1, 5, 10, -10]
HeightSpeedEntry: [1, 6, 0,  0  ]