如何在JavaScript中将日期时间微格式转换为本地时间？

Question

I have a page that is currently using the datetime microformat to display a timestamp, but I have only been showing the human-readable time for my own time zone:

<abbr class="published" title="2009-01-09T09:16:00-05:00">
Friday, January 9, 2009 at 9:16 am (EST)</abbr>

What I'd like to do is rewrite the innerHTML for the abbr tag to be the same format, but in the user's local timezone. So for a reader in Seattle, the above should be converted to:

<abbr class="published" title="2009-01-09T09:16:00-05:00">
Friday, January 9, 2009 at 6:16 am (PST)</abbr>

I've looked at the Javascript Date object , which allows me to get the local timezone offset. But I have a few problems:

1. I don't see an easy way to create a new Date object from an ISO-8601 timestamp. (I suppose I could parse with substrings or regex if there's no faster way.)

2. I don't see a way to get the named abbreviation for the timezone. For example, for a reader in Seattle, I'd want the time to have "(PST)" appended to the end, otherwise it is not clear to that user that the timestamp has been converted (especially if he is a frequent visitor and has become accustomed to the fact that my times are in EST).

Answer 1

Here is code of mine that parses an ISO timestamp:

function isoDateStringToDate (datestr) {
  if (! this.re) {
    // The date in YYYY-MM-DD or YYYYMMDD format
    var datere = "(\\d{4})-?(\\d{2})-?(\\d{2})";
    // The time in HH:MM:SS[.uuuu] or HHMMSS[.uuuu] format
    var timere = "(\\d{2}):?(\\d{2}):?(\\d{2}(?:\\.\\d+)?)";
    // The timezone as Z or in +HH[:MM] or -HH[:MM] format
    var tzre = "(Z|(?:\\+|-)\\d{2}(?:\\:\\d{2})?)?";
    this.re = new RegExp("^" + datere + "[ T]" + timere + tzre + "$");
  }

  var matches = this.re.exec(datestr);
  if (! matches)
    return null;

  var year = matches[1];
  var month = matches[2] - 1;
  var day = matches[3];
  var hour = matches[4];
  var minute = matches[5];
  var second = Math.floor(matches[6]);
  var ms = matches[6] - second;
  var tz = matches[7];
  var ms = 0;
  var offset = 0;

  if (tz && tz != "Z") {
    var tzmatches = tz.match(/^(\+|-)(\d{2})(\:(\d{2}))$/);
    if (tzmatches) {
      offset = Number(tzmatches[2]) * 60 + Number(tzmatches[4]);
      if (tzmatches[1] == "-")
        offset = -offset;
    }
  }

  offset *= 60 * 1000;
  var dateval = Date.UTC(year, month, day, hour, minute, second, ms) - offset;

  return new Date(dateval);
}

Unfortunately, it doesn't handle timezone abbreviations either. You would have to modify the "tzre" expression to accept letters, and the only solution I know of to deal with timezone abbreviations in Javascript is to have a look-up table which you keep up to date manually in the event of changes to regional daylight savings times.

Answer 2

EcmaScript formalized the addition of an ISO-8601 style string as an imput for a JavaScript date. Since most JS implementations don't support this, I created a wrapper to the Date object, that has this functionality. If you set the title tags to output in UTC/GMT/Z/Zulu offset, you can use my EcmaScript 5 extensions for JS's Date object .

For DateTime values that are to be used in client-side scripts, I generally try to always do the following. Store date+time in UTC zone (even in databases). Transmit date-times in UTC zone. From client to server, you can use the .toISOString() method in the above link. From server-to client this is relatively easy.

Via jQuery (with extension):

$('.published').each(function(){
  var dtm = new Date(this.title);
  if (!isNaN(dtm)) {
    this.text(dtm.toString());
  }
});

I don't recall if I added support for non-utc date-times in the input, but wouldn't be too hard to account for them.