单链接列表上的快速排序

Question

I'm trying to write a simply C code for QUICKSORT on single linked list. Program will get a txt file with password and frequency of usage this password. Program should sort the passwords in order. Can some one tell me how to write function void qsort_list because I don't understand how to get 3 parameters that "partiition()" need.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <assert.h>


typedef struct list_element{
char passwort[100];
int haufigkeit;
struct list_element *next;
} list_element;

typedef struct list{ list;


void init_list(list* mylist)
{
mylist->first=NULL;
mylist->last=NULL;
}


void insert_front(list_element* le, list* mylist)
{
// HIER Code einfügen

if(mylist->first == NULL){
le->next = mylist-> first;
mylist->first=le;
mylist->last=le;
}
else {
le->next = mylist-> first;
mylist->first= le;
}
}

// Speicher für Listenelemente wieder freigeben
void free_list(list* mylist)
{
// HIER Code einfügen
}


// Namen, Zahlen Paare in Liste einlesen
void read_data(char* filename, list* mylist)
{
assert(mylist != NULL);
FILE* f=fopen(filename,"rb");
assert(f != NULL);
while (1)
{

list_element* temp = malloc(siezof(list_element))// * Speicher allozieren
fscanf(f,"%s %d",temp->passwort, &temp-> haufigkeit)// * Daten in list_element einlesen
insert_front(temp, mylist) // * insert_front benutzen um list_element in Liste einzufügen

}
fclose(f);
}

// Pivot finden, das die Liste aufteilt
list_element* partition( list* input, list* left, list* right )
{
list_element* pivot= list->last;
input= mylist;
while(mylist->first != mylist->last)
{
// HIER Code einfügen
list_element* list_right = list* right;
list_element* list_left = list* left;
list_element *i;
for(i=list->first; i != NULL; i=i->next){
if ((i -> haufigkeit) < (pivot -> haufigkeit)){
insert_front(i, list_left);
}
else{
insert_front(i,list_right);
}
}
}

}
return pivot;
}

/*
void partition1(){
    list* pivot= list->last;
}return pivot;
}
*/

void qsort_list(list* mylist)
{
list left = mylist;
list first;  //  = list mylist->first:
list pivot= list* last; 

partition(list* left, list* first, list* pivot);
pivot = 


}

// Liste ausgeben
void print_list(list* mylist)
{
// HIER Code einfügen:

}

// Argumente einlesen, Liste kreieren, verarbeiten und ausgeben
int main(int argc, char** args)
{
if (argc != 2)
{
printf("Nutzung: %s <Dateiname>\n",args[0]);
return 1;
}
list mylist;
init_list(&mylist);
read_data(args[1],&mylist);
qsort_list(&mylist);
printf("Sortierte Liste:\n");
print_list(&mylist);
free_list(&mylist);
return 0;
}

Answer 1

The general idea of the quicksort algorithm over a linked list is:

1 - To choice a pivot key, in your case you are choosing the last key in the list.

2 - To split the list of elements in 2 sublist: one with elements < pivot (or <=) and the other with elements >= pivot (or >). You are calling this list left and right.

3 - To order the left and right lists. This is the recursive part: you use quicksort to order each sublist, unless the list is empty or with one element.

4 - To concatenate the elements of left and right lists.

So your qsort_list must be something like:

void qsort_list(list* mylist) {
    list left,right;
    int pivotKey= mylist->last->haufigkeit;
    /* stop condition: mylist empty or with 1 element*/
    if( (mylist->first == 0) || (mylist->first == mylist->last) )
        return;
    init_list(left);
    init_list(right);
    partition(mylist, &left, &right, pivotKey);
    /* recursive part: */
    qsort_list(&left);
    qsort_list(&right);
    join(mylist, &left, &right);
}

Notes:

• I changed pivot to pivotKey, you just need to know the key to split the list. It may even be a non-existing key (eg. the average between the first one and the last one)
• Based on the said, you must create your partition function, remember to update the original list as you take elements from it and insert them in one sublist. Your original list will be empty after the partition. Alternatively, you can think on a way to just remove the greater elements so your original list will replace the left list.
• You must implement the join function, that insert all the elements of left and right (in that order) in mylist. You does not need to move the elements one by one, just manipulate the first and last pointers.