如何在没有定义长度的情况下定义数组

Question

The question is: get a score of 10 peoples; then you need to ask each one with a score higher than 80 if he would want to continue studying 'y' for yes and 'n' for no. Next you need to get their location in the array so if person number 5 array[5]=90 and answers 'y' it will make a new array with newarray[1]=[5(his location)]

My question is how to define the newarray without knowing its length(how many 'y' there would be). EDIT:

import java.util.Scanner;
public class p44_52 {
static Scanner reader = new Scanner(System.in);
static void input(int []a)
{
    for(int i=0; i<a.length;i++){
        System.out.println("Write an score of a student");
        a[i]= reader.nextInt();
    }
}

static void output(int []b)
{
    for (int i =0; i<b.length;i++)
    {
        System.out.println("serial number of who choose to continue and score above 80  "+ b[i]);
    }
}

public static void main(String[]args){

    char c = 'g';
    int count =0;
    int []score = new int[10];
    kelet(score);

    for(int i=0; i<score.length;i++)
    {
        if(score[i]>80)
        {
            System.out.println("Studnet number "+i+ " Do you want to continue?");
            c = reader.next().charAt(0);
            if(c == 'y'){
                //Here i want to make the new array(length isn't known) for their locationnumbers
            }
        }
    }


}

}

Answer 1

You can create a temporary array with the same size as the full list (because you know that's the largest it could need to be) and populate it with as many students as choose to continue. There will probably be fewer elements actually in the temporary array than it can hold because some students won't continue, so then you can create a new array that's the right size (now that you know it) and use System.arraycopy() to copy all of the elements into the right-size array.

It's not the most efficient way to do it, but it's not terrible (it just uses one extra array allocation and copy operation) and it's certainly good enough for homework. And it doesn't use anything other than arrays.

In general, this is a technique you'll use from time to time as you write programs: if there's something you can't do until you've done some operation, then look for a way to break the operation into multiple steps so you can rearrange steps in an order that is possible but still yields the same result. Better still is to find a different data structure that meets your needs (as ArrayList will, since its capacity can be grown at runtime), but there will be times when you can't just drop in a different data structure, and this approach of breaking the problem down and rearranging steps can be useful then.

Answer 2

in java you can use ArrayList instead of Array if you don't want to give initial capacity..

List<Integer> list= new ArrayList<Integer>(); 
list.add(10); //you can add elements dynmically.

//to get data you can use 
list.get(0); //index at which you want data

Answer 3

Depends on the language your programming in. In java have to declare the amount of space in the array before you can use it. This is because Java sets aside the space for the array. Other languages such as Python dont require you to declare the amount of space used. There are ways of getting around this in Java like using the arraylist.

Answer 4

Use an arraylist. If he says no then you remove it. At the end you

yourArrayList.toArray()

to convert the arrayList to an array.

EDIT :

public static void main(String[]args){

  char c = 'g';
  int count =0;
  int []score = new int[10];
  ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
  kelet(score);

  for(int i=0; i<score.length;i++)
  {
    if(score[i]>80)
    {
        System.out.println("Studnet number "+i+ " Do you want to continue?");
        c = reader.next().charAt(0);
        if(c == 'y'){
            list.add(//your variable);
        }
    }
  }

  //If you want turn it into array
  int [] listArray = list.toArray();


}

Answer 5

ArrayLists

Arraylists were created to solve the length issue of arrays.

in your example:

for(int i=0; i<score.length;i++)
{
    if(score[i]>80)
    {
        System.out.println("Studnet number "+i+ " Do you want to continue?");
        c = reader.next().charAt(0);
        if(c == 'y'){
            //Here i want to make the new array(length isn't known) for their locationnumbers
        }
    }
}

you want to do something like this:

 List<String> continueStudy = new ArrayList<String>();
 for(int i=0; i<score.length;i++)
 {
    if(score[i]>80)
    {
        System.out.println("Studnet number "+i+ " Do you want to continue?");
        c = reader.next().charAt(0);
        if(c == 'y'){
            continueStudy.add(c);
        }
    }
}

Then you can use a for loop to evaluate each string such as:

for(String Value : continueStudy){
    if(value.contains('y')){
       //DO SOMETHING or call seperate function
    }
}