oracle sql左联接和计数，求和，分组

Question

i want to calculate the project count, amount, and percent total for each question restricted to a given funder and fiscal year. for some reason when i run the query below, i'm not seeing the null values from the left join.

the relationship between projects and questions is that a question can have many projects. the questions table is linked by the objectives table.

UPDATED

select 
   q.sp_question_id,
   count(p.project_id) as projectCount,
   sum(p.funding) as amount,
   round(sum(p.funding)/sum(sum(p.funding)) over() *100) as percentTotal 
from questions q 
   left join projects p on p.fiscal_year = q.fiscal_year  
   join objectives o on o.sp_objective_id = p.sp_objective_id 
     and o.sp_question_id = q.sp_question_id 
     and o.fiscal_year = p.fiscal_year 
     and o.fiscal_year = 2014  
   join funders f on p.funder_id = f.funder_id 
where f.funder_short_name ='foo' 
   and q.fiscal_year = 2014  
group by q.sp_question_id 
order by q.sp_question_id;

---

 questionId   projectCount  amount          percentTotal
 q1           14            54510           4
 q2           29            1083598.72      76
 q3           1             19900           1
 q4           5             145631          10
 q5           1             124999          9
 q6           1             0               0 

---

expected result

 questionId   projectCount  amount          percentTotal
 q1           14            54510           4
 q2           29            1083598.72      76
 q3           1             19900           1
 q4           5             145631          10
 q5           1             124999          9
 q6           1             0               0
 q7       <null>            <null>          <null>

---

query with left joins all the way down

select 
       q.sp_question_id,
       count(p.project_id) as projectCount,
       sum(p.funding) as amount,
       round(sum(p.funding)/sum(sum(p.funding)) over() *100) as percentTotal 
    from questions q 
       left join projects p on p.fiscal_year = q.fiscal_year  
       left join objectives o on o.sp_objective_id = p.sp_objective_id 
         and o.sp_question_id = q.sp_question_id 
         and o.fiscal_year = p.fiscal_year 
         and o.fiscal_year = 2014  
       left join funders f on p.funder_id = f.funder_id 
    where f.funder_short_name ='foo' 
       and q.fiscal_year = 2014  
    group by q.sp_question_id 
    order by q.sp_question_id;

---

result

 questionId   projectCount  amount          percentTotal
 na           51            1428638.72      11
 q1           51            1428638.72      11
 q2           51            1428638.72      11
 q3           51            1428638.72      11
 q4           51            1428638.72      11
 q5           51            1428638.72      11
 q6           51            1428638.72      11
 q7           51            1428638.72      11
 qother       51            1428638.72      11

---

query with left joins all the way down and where clauses adjusted

select 
   q.sp_question_id,
   count(p.project_id) as projectCount,
   sum(p.funding) as amount,
   round(sum(p.funding)/sum(sum(p.funding)) over() *100) as percentTotal 
from questions q 
   left join projects p on p.fiscal_year = q.fiscal_year 
   left join objectives o on o.sp_objective_id = p.sp_objective_id 
     and o.sp_question_id = q.sp_question_id 
     and o.fiscal_year = p.fiscal_year and o.fiscal_year = 2014 
   left join funders f on p.funder_id = f.funder_id and f.funder_short_name ='foo' 
   where q.fiscal_year = 2014 
group by q.sp_question_id 
order by q.sp_question_id;

---

result

 questionId   projectCount  amount          percentTotal
 na           1225          299628985.01    11
 q1           1225          299628985.01    11
 q2           1225          299628985.01    11
 q3           1225          299628985.01    11
 q4           1225          299628985.01    11
 q5           1225          299628985.01    11
 q6           1225          299628985.01    11
 q7           1225          299628985.01    11
 qother       1225          299628985.01    11

Answer 1

The problem you're having relates to one of the most unknown problems of sql: the transitivity of relationships.

You're doing an optional (outer) join between projects and questions, but you're asking for a mandatory (inner join) relationship between projects and objectives (and funders):

The transitivity system which calculates the intermediary resultsets gives prevalence to the inner join, which as a result basically means the outer join in the middle is ignored. To be exact, it is not ignored, but it becomes an inner join instead.

What you get is the result of an inner join all the way down, while you're actually expecting the left join to behave as is and return null rows for the questions not related to any projects... But the engine does not work like this, as described above.

Out of my head, I just think you could use left joins all the way down. But then you probably would face more null rows than you expect. It really depends what you're doing with the data.

Also, it seems there's a broad join in your query that should be modified. Please try this:

select 
   q.sp_question_id,
   count(p.project_id) as projectCount,
   sum(p.funding) as amount,
   round(sum(p.funding)/sum(sum(p.funding)) over() *100) as percentTotal 
from questions q 
   left join objectives o on 
         o.sp_question_id = q.sp_question_id 
     and o.fiscal_year = 2014 
   left join projects p on o.fiscal_year = p.fiscal_year and o.sp_objective_id = p.sp_objective_id 
   left join funders f on p.funder_id = f.funder_id and f.funder_short_name ='foo' 
where q.fiscal_year = 2014 
group by q.sp_question_id 
order by q.sp_question_id;

Answer 2

i ended up doing something ghastly like below by left joining two subqueries. if someone has a better way of doing this, please post.

select t1.sp_question_id, t2.projectCount, t2.amount, t2.percentTotal   
from (select 
        q.sp_question_id 
      from questions q 
      where q.fiscal_year = 2014) t1

left join

(select 
   q.sp_question_id,
   count(p.project_id) as projectCount,
   sum(p.funding) as amount,
   round(sum(p.funding)/sum(sum(p.funding)) over() *100) as percentTotal 
from questions q 
   left join projects p on p.fiscal_year = q.fiscal_year  
   join objectives o on o.sp_objective_id = p.sp_objective_id 
     and o.sp_question_id = q.sp_question_id 
     and o.fiscal_year = p.fiscal_year 
   join funders f on p.funder_id = f.funder_id 
where f.funder_short_name ='foo' 
   and q.fiscal_year = 2014  
group by q.sp_question_id 
order by q.sp_question_id) t2
on t1.sp_question_id = t2.sp_question_id