C预处理器如何工作

Question

i have the following files

(its pseudo code, and i know the define, undef is ugly, but i would need it for some project)

if i compile those files and link them together - it seems to work - that in file3, file1 - MYVAL == 1

is it safe to assume this, that the preprocessor stuff is done file-by-file?

conf.h:

#define MYVAL 1

src1.c

#include "conf.h"
int maint(int argc, char ** argv) {
    printf("%d", MYVAL);
}

src2.c

#include "conf.h"
void demo() {
    #undef MYVAL
    #define MYVAL 2
    printf("%d", MYVAL);
}

src3.c

  #include "conf.h" 
  void demo2() {
       printf("%d", MYVAL);
  }

regards

Answer 1

Preprocessing is done per translation unit before the compilation phase (so way earlier than the linkage phase). In your case the preprocessor will expand that macro in each of your .c files individually based on your inclusion of the conf.h header file.

is it safe to assume this, that the preprocessor stuff is done file-by-file?

Basically in your case yes. Each of your .c files is a distinct translation unit. (Unless they start including each other or something) They are preprocessed separately, compiled and then their objects get linked together.

Answer 2

When you #include "conf.h" its code is placed instead of this line. This is the preprocessor's work. So, this define sentence is placed in each file.

But if you do #define work(n) funcCall((n)) and work(5); then, it'll fail if funcCall is not defined in any of your files.

Answer 3

Yes, the preprocessor is used for each source file. It generates a preprocessed file from the source file and all include files that is actually passed to the C compiler.

When you #define something in a include file it gets in the preprocessed file. #define s in other source file doesn't care.