[英]How to create multiple objects (related) with one request in DRF?
I have one class representing a Job, one class representing a Tag, which describes a Job and then I have a class making a relationship (junction table) between them, so a Job can be described by multiple Tags: 我有一个代表一个Job的类,一个代表一个Tag的类,它描述一个Job,然后我有一个类在它们之间建立一个关系(联结表),所以一个Job可以用多个Tags来描述:
class JobTag(models.Model):
job = models.ForeignKey(Job, unique=False, related_name='jobtags')
tag = models.ForeignKey(Tag, unique=False, related_name='Tag_For_Job')
created_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add = True)
modified_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now = True)
class Meta:
unique_together = ('job', 'tag',)
def __unicode__(self):
return 'Tag '+self.tag.name +' for job '+ self.job.name
Then I have serializers: 然后我有序列化器:
class TagSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = Tag
fields = ('url','name','badge_pic')
read_only_fields = ('name','badge_pic')
class JobTagSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
tag = TagSerializer()
class Meta:
model = JobTag
fields = ('tag',)
depth=1
class JobSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags=JobTagSerializer(many=True)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields = ('url','name', 'employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields = ('employer',)
So the http response on GET request is: 所以GET请求的http响应是:
{
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/jobs/2/",
"name": "Odprac mi sneh",
"employer": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/users/4/",
"jobtags": [
{
"tag": {
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/2/",
"name": "Odhadzovanie snehu",
"badge_pic": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/media/pictures/tags/0005.jpg"
}
}
],
"description": "blablabla"
}
My question is pretty much obvious, how can I create a job instance and persist them with related JobTags with one POST http request? 我的问题非常明显,如何创建一个作业实例并使用一个POST http请求将它们与相关的JobTags保存在一起?
I tried to repeat this method http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/#writable-nested-representations . 我试图重复这个方法http://www.django-rest-framework.org/api-guide/serializers/#writable-nested-representations 。
class JobSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags=JobTagSerializer(many=True)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields = ('url','name', 'employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields = ('employer',)
def create(self, validated_data):
jobtag_data = validated_data.pop('jobtags')
job = Job.objects.create(**validated_data)
JobTag.objects.create(job=job, **jobtag_data)
return job
But it returned "create() argument after ** must be a mapping, not list" error, so what should request.data json looks like? 但它返回“create()参数后**必须是映射,而不是列表”错误,那么request.data json应该是什么样的?
Or this approach cannot be used in my case and should I do something completly different? 或者这种方法不能在我的情况下使用,我应该做一些完全不同的事情吗?
I would appreciate any help. 我将不胜感激任何帮助。
Edit 编辑
if i try to access the list: 如果我尝试访问该列表:
def create(self, validated_data):
jobtag_data = validated_data.pop('jobtags')
job = Job.objects.create(**validated_data)
JobTag.objects.create(job=job, **jobtag_data[0])
return job
I gen another error:"Cannot assign "OrderedDict()": "JobTag.tag" must be a "Tag" instance." 我生成另一个错误:“无法分配”OrderedDict()“:”JobTag.tag“必须是”标签“实例。” So im guessing my posted json is in wrong format?
所以我猜我发布的json格式错误了吗? I tried topost data this way:
我尝试以这种方式发布数据:
{
"name": "Odprac mi sneh",
"jobtags": [
{
"tag": {
"url": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/2/"
}
}
],
"description": "veela sneu nemam ruky makam makam makamam",
}
If anyone else is facing this, the most suitable solution I figured out, so that the hyperlinked serialisation of jobtags was used when object is created and nested serialisation was used as an output is this: 如果其他人正面对这个,我想出了最合适的解决方案,以便在创建对象并使用嵌套序列化作为输出时使用了jobtags的超链接序列化:
I wrote serializers for each of these cases, for serialisation of data sent to client: 我为每种情况编写了序列化程序,用于序列化发送到客户端的数据:
class JobTagNestedSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
tag = TagSerializer()
class Meta:
model = JobTag
fields = ('tag',)
depth=1
class JobNestedSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags=JobTagNestedSerializer(many=True,read_only=True)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields = ('url','name', 'employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields = ('employer',)
and for creating new Job, so for data sent from client to DRF: 并且对于创建新Job,对于从客户端发送到DRF的数据:
class JobTagSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
class Meta:
model = JobTag
fields = ('tag',)
class JobCreateSerializer(serializers.HyperlinkedModelSerializer):
jobtags=JobTagSerializer(many=True,required=False)
class Meta:
model = Job
fields = ('url','name', 'employer','jobtags','description')
read_only_fields = ('employer',)
def create(self, validated_data):
tag_data = validated_data.pop('jobtags')
job = Job.objects.create(**validated_data)
for tag in tag_data:
d=dict(tag)
JobTag.objects.create(job=job, tag_id=d['tag'].pk)
return job
So DRF is expecting the POST json from client to looks like: 所以DRF期望客户端的POST json看起来像:
{
"name": "Odprac mi sneh",
"employer": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/users/4/",
"jobtags": [
{
"tag": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/2/"
},
{
"tag": "http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/tags/5/"
}
],
"description": "veela sneu nemam ruky makam makam makamam"
}
I believe you should provide the id
and not the url
of each tag in your POST data, like so: 我相信你应该在POST数据中提供
id
而不是每个标签的url
,如下所示:
{
"name": "Odprac mi sneh",
"tags": [
{
"id": 2
},
{
"id": 3
}
],
"description": "veela sneu nemam ruky makam makam makamam"
}
Then, in your create
method you should be able to iterate over the tags: 然后,在您的
create
方法中,您应该能够迭代标记:
def create(self, validated_data):
tag_data = validated_data.pop('tags')
job = Job.objects.create(**validated_data)
for tag in tag_data:
JobTag.objects.create(job=job, tag_id=tag["id"])
return job
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