在Linux脚本中，如何删除当前目录中的所有文件和目录？

Question

In a shell script, I want to remove all files and directories but one file, in the current directory. I used

 ls | grep -v 'nameoffiletokeep' | xargs rm

this removes files, but directories are not deleted.

Answer 1

find . -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 ! -iname nameoffiletokeep -print0| xargs -0 rm -rf;

This finds all files and directories that are direct children of the current working directory that are not named nameoffiletokeep and removes them all (recursively for directories), regardless of leading dots (eg .hidden , which would be missed if you used a glob like rm -rf * ), spaces, or other metachars in the file names.

I've used -iname for case-insensitive matching against nameoffiletokeep , but if you want case-sensitivity, you should use -name . The choice should depend on the underlying file system behavior, and your awareness of the letter-case of the file name you're trying to protect.

Answer 2

If you are using bash, you can use extended globbing:

shopt -s extglob
rm -fr !(nameoffiletokeep)

In zsh the same idea is possible:

setopt extended_glob
rm -fr ^nameoffiletokeep