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无法加载此类文件-activerecord（LoadError）

[英]cannot load such file — activerecord (LoadError)

 原文  2015-02-20 09:45:24  8   1    ruby-on-rails/ ruby/ ruby-on-rails-3/ activerecord

问题描述

I'm trying to upgrade a very old app from Rails 2.3.12 to Rails 3.0.0 (as a starting point to getting it to Rails 4). 我正在尝试将一个非常老的应用程序从Rails 2.3.12升级到Rails 3.0.0（作为将其升级到Rails 4的起点）。 I've been slowly going through and fixing anything that has broken since the upgrade by removing old gems etc. 我一直在慢慢地通过删除旧宝石等方法来修复升级后发生的任何故障。

I've got stuck on a problem that I can't seem to pin point or fix. 我陷入了一个似乎无法查明或解决的问题。

I'm running Rails3, Ruby1.9.3 我正在运行Rails3，Ruby1.9.3

When I try to run the rails server I get the following error: 当我尝试运行Rails服务器时，出现以下错误： 

    => Booting WEBrick
=> Rails 3.0.0 application starting in development on http://0.0.0.0:3000
=> Call with -d to detach
=> Ctrl-C to shutdown server
Exiting
/home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require': cannot load such file -- activerecord (LoadError)
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `block in require'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `block in load_dependency'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:591:in `new_constants_in'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from /home/camillavk/Documents/Work/Saild/saild/vendor/plugins/acts_as_commentable/lib/commentable_methods.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `block in require'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `block in load_dependency'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:591:in `new_constants_in'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from /home/camillavk/Documents/Work/Saild/saild/vendor/plugins/acts_as_commentable/lib/acts_as_commentable.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `block in require'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `block in load_dependency'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:591:in `new_constants_in'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from /home/camillavk/Documents/Work/Saild/saild/vendor/plugins/acts_as_commentable/rails/init.rb:1:in `block in <class:Plugin>'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/plugin.rb:81:in `eval'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/plugin.rb:81:in `block in <class:Plugin>'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:25:in `instance_exec'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:25:in `run'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:50:in `block in run_initializers'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:49:in `each'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/initializable.rb:49:in `run_initializers'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/application.rb:134:in `initialize!'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/application.rb:77:in `method_missing'
        from /home/camillavk/Documents/Work/Saild/saild/config/environment.rb:7:in `<top (required)>'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `block in require'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `block in load_dependency'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:591:in `new_constants_in'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'
        from /home/camillavk/Documents/Work/Saild/saild/config.ru:3:in `block in <main>'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/rack-1.2.8/lib/rack/builder.rb:46:in `instance_eval'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/rack-1.2.8/lib/rack/builder.rb:46:in `initialize'
        from /home/camillavk/Documents/Work/Saild/saild/config.ru:1:in `new'
        from /home/camillavk/Documents/Work/Saild/saild/config.ru:1:in `<main>'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/rack-1.2.8/lib/rack/builder.rb:35:in `eval'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/rack-1.2.8/lib/rack/builder.rb:35:in `parse_file'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/rack-1.2.8/lib/rack/server.rb:162:in `app'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/rack-1.2.8/lib/rack/server.rb:253:in `wrapped_app'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/rack-1.2.8/lib/rack/server.rb:204:in `start'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/commands/server.rb:65:in `start'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/commands.rb:30:in `block in <top (required)>'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/commands.rb:27:in `tap'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/railties-3.0.0/lib/rails/commands.rb:27:in `<top (required)>'
        from script/rails:6:in `require'
        from script/rails:6:in `<main>'

My Gemfile looks like this: 我的Gemfile看起来像这样： 

source 'https://rubygems.org'

gem "rails", "3.0.0"

gem "airbrake"
gem "aws-s3"
gem "bj"
gem "bundler", "~> 1.0.0"
gem "calendar_date_select", "1.15"
gem "cancan", "1.2.0"
gem "carmen"
gem 'comma', '0.4.1'
gem 'exifr'
# factory_girl 1.2.4 wasn't working with Rails 3 - consider an upgrade to factory_girl_rails?
# gem "factory_girl", "1.2.4"
gem 'fastercsv'
gem "geokit"
gem "haml"
gem "hpricot"
gem 'hoptoad_notifier'
gem "jrails"
gem "libxml-ruby", "2.4.0"
gem "memcached", "~> 1.8.0"
#memcached no longer works?
gem 'dalli'
# Not sure why we have this if we're using SQLite3
gem "mysql2", "~> 0.2.6"
#TODO: changed by almazom
gem "rake", "0.8.4"
gem 'recurly'
gem "rdoc"
gem "rmagick"
gem "rspreedly"
gem "rubyzip"
gem 'sass'
#need to use simplecov when upgrading to ruby 2 as rcov doesn't work
gem "simplecov"
gem 'sqlite3'
# tmail no longer included in rails 3?
gem 'tmail'
gem "will_paginate", "2.3.16"
gem 'yaml_db'

group :development, :test do
  gem 'test-unit', '1.2.3'
  gem 'rspec', '1.3.2'
  gem 'rspec-rails', '~> 1.3.4'
end

group :test do
  gem 'capybara', '0.3.5'
  gem 'cucumber', '1.1.2'
  gem 'cucumber-rails', :git => "git://github.com/RKelln/cucumber-rails.git", :branch => "0.3.2-capybara-fix"
  gem 'database_cleaner'
end

Has anyone else encountered this problem before when upgrading to Rails 3? 升级到Rails 3之前，是否有人遇到过此问题？ I can't find anything on Google about it.... 我在Google上找不到任何有关此事的...。

Or does anyone have a suggestion on how I can find/fix the issue? 还是有人对我如何查找/解决问题有建议？

Many thanks in advance! 提前谢谢了！

1 个解决方案

解决方案1
 2 已采纳  2015-02-20 10:14:29

Let's take a look at your stack trace. 让我们看看您的堆栈跟踪。 Stack traces are read top to bottom. 堆栈跟踪从上到下读取。 If you have function A calling function B calling function C, where an error happens, the stack trace shows 如果您有函数A调用函数B调用函数C，但发生错误，则堆栈跟踪将显示 

C
B
A

We can see that the first lines all come from Rails itself: 我们可以看到第一行都来自Rails本身： 

/home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require': cannot load such file -- activerecord (LoadError)
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `block in require'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `block in load_dependency'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:591:in `new_constants_in'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:225:in `load_dependency'
        from /home/camillavk/.rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.3-p551@rails3/gems/activesupport-3.0.0/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:239:in `require'

Since it's usually unlikely that Rails itself is the culprit, we look for the first line that comes from some place else — either your own code, or a third-party library. 由于Rails本身通常不太可能是罪魁祸首，因此我们寻找第一行来自其他地方-您自己的代码或第三方库。

The next line is just that: 下一行就是： 

        from /home/camillavk/Documents/Work/Saild/saild/vendor/plugins/acts_as_commentable/lib/commentable_methods.rb:1:in `<top (required)>'

We see that it's code at vendor/plugins , making it an old, Rails 2.3-style plugin. 我们看到它是在vendor/plugins的代码，使它成为一个古老的Rails 2.3风格的插件。 They were deprecated in Rails 3 , and completely stopped working in Rails 4. They were replaced by "Gem plugins" that are added through your Gemfile and Bundler, instead of vendor/plugins . 它们已在Rails 3中弃用，并完全停止了在Rails 4中的工作。它们被通过您的Gemfile和Bundler添加的“ Gem插件”代替，而不是vendor/plugins 。

So acts_as_commentable is a good candidate as the culprit. 因此， acts_as_commentable是元凶。 The Github project page shows a version especially for Rails 3, so removing the old plugin and replacing it with that Gem gives you a good shot at fixing this issue. Github项目页面显示了一个特别适用于Rails 3的版本，因此删除旧插件并用Gem替换它可以使您很好地解决此问题。

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