还原数据库时，SQL Server指定mdf文件名

Question

I'm trying to restore a database from a BAK file using the following command to perform unit test on a clean copy of the db:

RESTORE DATABASE MyDbUnitTest FROM DISK = 'c:\db\MyDb.bak';

it tries to restore the database bu throws an error that MyDb.mdf is in use - and it's correct - it is - by the original database that's used for development on my machine.

Is there a way to specify the name of the MDF file that it will import it along side the development db?

Answer 1

This might be because you have a tail-log backup being done on the restore.

Change to this:

RESTORE DATABASE [MyDB2] FROM  DISK = N'C:\db\MyDb.BAK' WITH  FILE = 1,  MOVE N'MyDb' TO N'C:\db\MyDb2.mdf',  MOVE N'Mydb_log' TO N'D:\SQLLogs\MyDb2_log.ldf',  NORECOVERY,  NOUNLOAD,  STATS = 5
RESTORE LOG [MyDB2] FROM  [MyDB_Log] WITH  FILE = 3,  NOUNLOAD,  STATS = 5

Please note the numbers listed pertain to an example of my environment, so you need to ensure you modify this to fit your needs.

Another way to do this without a script is to simply right click on the database name in management studio and select Tasks->Restore->Database . Then on the options tab remove the "Take tail-log backup before restore" option.

Easiest way to do that is to do it from within management studio and have management studio generate the script for you as shown:

Answer 2

You need to know whats in this backup file. Therefore you need to check the content of this file by doing two types of restores before you can actually resotre a database from this backup.

HEADERONLY RESTORE

RESTORE HEADERONLY 
FROM DISK = N'c:\db\MyDb.bak'
GO

This will give the list of backups in this backup file. You should be looking for database MyDb with Backup type = 1. Get the position of that file and do the following

FILELISTONLY RESTORE

RESTORE FILELISTONLY 
FROM DISK = N'c:\db\MyDb.bak'
 WITH FILE = 1   --<-- this will be the position of the backup from headerOnly restore
GO

This will return all the files for that database in that backup.

Primary file , any .ndf and Log file name.

Use these file names and write the restore command like this....

Database Restore

RESTORE [DatabaseName]
 FROM DISK = N'c:\db\MyDb.bak'
 WITH RECOVERY , 
 MOVE N'PrimaryFile' TO N'C:\Folder\MyDB.mdf',    --<-- should be a valid path
 MOVE N'LogFile'     TO N'C:\Folder\MyDB_Logs.ldf' --<-- should be a valid path
 -- anymore files ......
 GO

Answer 3

Here's what I use (in a batch file) to restore a specific already-existing database from backup. The "Replace" causes it to over-write the existing files, so I don't need to specify them.

RESTORE DATABASE [%DatabaseName%] 
FROM DISK = N'%DestinationFolder%\%backupFile%' 
WITH FILE = 1, NOUNLOAD, REPLACE, STATS = 10

This may not serve your needs exactly , but I thought it might be useful for others searching on this issue.

(Obviously you'd either set environment variables DatatbaseName, DestinationFold, and backupFile ... or replace those place-holders with the hard-coded names and paths and such for your specific purpose... just wanted to be clear about that)

(And if you just script out creating the database you want to restore to first, then restoring to it WITH REPLACE should work as well, leaving you both your original database, and the restored copy of it, both functional, as expected)

For the sake of being even more relevant, here's a script I cobbled together that will restore any backup to any database (whether it exists or not), and does the appropriate MOVE to always work:

USE master;

DECLARE @dbNameDestination sysname
DECLARE @backupFileName nvarchar(max)
DECLARE @sql nvarchar(max)
DECLARE @restoreSql nvarchar(max)
DECLARE @params nvarchar(max)
DECLARE @mdfFile nvarchar(400)
DECLARE @ldfFile nvarchar(400)

SET @dbNameDestination = 'TestUserTest'   -- The name of the database you want to restore to
SET @backupFileName = 'D:\DB\TestDB.bak'  -- The full path to the *.bak file you wish to restore

IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM sys.databases WHERE [name] = @dbNameDestination)
BEGIN
    -- Create Destination DB
    SET @sql = 'CREATE DATABASE [' + @dbNameDestination + ']'
    EXEC (@sql)
END
ELSE
BEGIN
    -- Force other users off:
    SET @sql = 'ALTER DATABASE [' + @dbNameDestination + '] SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE'
    EXEC (@sql);
    SET @sql = 'ALTER DATABASE [' + @dbNameDestination + '] SET MULTI_USER'
    EXEC (@sql);
END

-- Restore database WITH REPLACE
SET @params = '@mdfOUT nvarchar(400) OUTPUT, @ldfOut nvarchar(400) OUTPUT'
SET @sql = N'USE ' + @dbNameDestination + N';
SELECT @mdfOUT = physical_name FROM sys.database_files WHERE type = 0
SELECT @ldfOUT = physical_name FROM sys.database_files WHERE type = 1'
EXEC sp_ExecuteSql @sql, @params, @mdfOUT=@mdfFile OUTPUT, @ldfOUT=@ldfFile OUTPUT

DECLARE @FileList TABLE ( 
    LogicalName nvarchar(128) NOT NULL, 
    PhysicalName nvarchar(260) NOT NULL, 
    Type char(1) NOT NULL, 
    FileGroupName nvarchar(120) NULL, 
    Size numeric(20, 0) NOT NULL, 
    MaxSize numeric(20, 0) NOT NULL, 
    FileID bigint NULL, 
    CreateLSN numeric(25,0) NULL, 
    DropLSN numeric(25,0) NULL, 
    UniqueID uniqueidentifier NULL, 
    ReadOnlyLSN numeric(25,0) NULL , 
    ReadWriteLSN numeric(25,0) NULL, 
    BackupSizeInBytes bigint NULL, 
    SourceBlockSize int NULL, 
    FileGroupID int NULL, 
    LogGroupGUID uniqueidentifier NULL, 
    DifferentialBaseLSN numeric(25,0)NULL, 
    DifferentialBaseGUID uniqueidentifier NULL, 
    IsReadOnly bit NULL, 
    IsPresent bit NULL, 
    TDEThumbprint varbinary(32) NULL 
 ); 

SET @restoreSql =  N'RESTORE FILELISTONLY FROM DISK=N''' + @backupFileName + '''' 
INSERT INTO @FileList EXEC(@restoreSql); 

DECLARE @logical_data nvarchar(max)
DECLARE @logical_log nvarchar(max); 
SET @logical_data = (SELECT [LogicalName] FROM @FileList WHERE [Type] = 'D' AND [FileID] = 1) 
SET @logical_log = (SELECT [LogicalName] FROM @FileList WHERE [Type] = 'L' AND [FileID] = 2) 

-- Now issue RESTORE command
RESTORE DATABASE @dbNameDestination 
FROM DISK = @backupFileName 
WITH REPLACE,
MOVE @logical_data TO @mdfFile, 
MOVE @logical_log TO @ldfFile 
GO

Just edit the two constants at the top of the script, to specify the database name to restore to (whether or not it already exists), and the full path to the backup file you wish to restore.