如何运行启用ES6功能的Node.js应用程序？

Question

I use the require hook of BabelJS (formerly named 6to5) to run node apps with es6features :

// run.js
require("babel/register");
require("./app.js6");

I call node run.js to run my app.js6 . I need to install BabelJS and provide a run.js for each project I'd like to use es6features. I would prefer a call like nodejs6 app.js6 . How can I achieve this system independently (Unix and Windows)?

Answer 1

Add the babel-cli and babel-preset-es2015 (aka ES6) dependencies to your app's package.json file and define a start script:

{
  "dependencies": {
    "babel-cli": "^6.0.0",
    "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.0.0"
  },
  "scripts": {
    "start": "babel-node --presets es2015 app.js"
  }
}

Then you can simply execute the following command to run your app:

npm start

If you ever decide to stop using Babel (eg once Node.js supports all ES6 features), you can just remove it from package.json:

{
  "dependencies": {},
  "scripts": {
    "start": "node app.js"
  }
}

One benefit of this is that the command to run your app remains the same, which helps if you are working with other developers.

Answer 2

How configure node.js app with es6 support and server reload on file change .

---

I.Configuration steps ( creating project from the scratch ):

1.Go in terminal to Your project main directory

npm init //create package.json for project

2.Install dependencies

npm install --save-dev babel
npm install --save-dev babel-cli
npm install --save-dev babel-preset-es2015
npm install --save-dev babel-preset-stage-0 //*1
npm install --save-dev nodemon

1 - it can be also stage-1 or 2, it depends what features of es We want to use

3.We should have in package.json file something like that ( for sure package version will be different but it is ok ):

"devDependencies": {
  "babel": "^6.5.2",
  "babel-cli": "^6.16.0",
  "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.16.0",
  "babel-preset-stage-0": "^6.16.0",
  "nodemon": "^1.11.0"
}

4.Create .babelrc file in root project directory ( there is package.json file )

{
 "presets": ["es2015", "stage-0"]
}

5.Create two directories:

src - here is working directory with files writen in es6

dist - here files will compile to es5 using babel

Your project root directory should look like this:

• project
  • src
    • index.js //main project file
  • dist
  • package.json
  • .babelrc

7.Add to package.json needed commands:

"scripts": {
  "watch": "babel -w src/ -d dist/",
  "build": "babel src/ -d dist/",
  "serve": "babel -w src/ -d dist/ | nodemon --watch dist",
  "test": "echo \"Error: no test specified\" && exit 1"
}

8.Available commands:

npm run watch //starts watch watch changes in src directory and compiles in to dist

npm run build //compiles files from src directory to dist

npm run serve //it is doing watch + start node server, on every file change it will restart node server using nodemon which is watching dist directory changes

9.Final notes

• Server will run dist/index.js file as main file.
• File dist/index.js will be compiled from src/index.js so there should be main file of project.
• dist directory should be added to ignore by git ( but not ignore it for npm if it will be a node package )

10.Run server and start creating app in src directory.

npm run serve

---

II. Easier way ( ready to use boilerplate )

If it is too many points for You then full woking boilerplate is available on github - https://github.com/maciejsikora/node-express-babel-boilerplate .

Answer 3

您可以使用带有--harmony标志的节点来运行带有es6功能的脚本

Answer 4

you need to install babel-register and babel-preset-es2015 preset Which used into babel-register options to Enabled convert ES6 to ES5 on-the-fly transpilation

 npm install babel-register

 npm install babel-preset-es2015

your run.js file:

// require babel-register and set Babel presets options to es2015
require('babel-register')({
   presets: [ 'es2015' ]
});

require("./app.js6");

Notice : Now you does not need .babelrc file to set Babel presets options As we setting it with require method

Answer 5

1. node -r babel-register scripts.js

This is the best solution

2. npx babel-node scripts.js

!Babel node doesn't work well in case of exit process and kexec package also doesn't help in this case (as I tried)

In both cases you need to use .babelrc which should describe presets and plugins for your app.

npx is using only for execution of libraries which are not installed with npm or yarn . Otherwise you need to npm i -g babel-cli and then babel-node script.js

Answer 6

I would prefer a call like nodejs6 app.js6 .

You may try the wrapper solution with babel-core api:

// Save as es6.js

var babel = require("babel-core");
var argc = process.argv.length;

babel.transformFile(process.argv[argc - 1], function (err, result) {
    eval(result.code);
});

Run your es6 featured script with node es6 thefile.js

Reference : offical usage doc

Answer 7

As of babel 6, you now must install babel-register and use the following

require("babel-register");

Be sure to also install the babel es2015 preset.

Answer 8

Refer this:

https://stackoverflow.com/a/51485027/1549191

or this boilerplate:

Boilerplate: node-es6