如何在Get-ADComputer中将用户的输入变量用作搜索查询

Question

thank you for visiting my first question on this website.

The purpose of this PowerShell script is to query the user for a partial name of a pre-existing computer on the domain. After the query is complete it retrieves the full computer name from a specific OU in active directory, and copies this full computer's name it to the user's clipboard. This is to help save time to the people I work with at the help desk(including myself) who have to perform this action manually every day.

Note:I'm pretty sure the problem isn't with the two 'Get-ADComputer' lines because if I manually enter the full computer name in the script it works exactly as intended. The issue seems to be either with how I'm defining the user input, or how it's being passed along to the variable($PCName) inside of the 'Get-ADComputer' cmdlet.

Here is the script in its entirety, the only thing I omitted is the specific active directory OU - I know it's looking in the right OU, because the lines taken individually and with a manually PC Name entered work great.

$global:PCName=(Read-Host "Enter partial PC name")
write-host "You entered the partial PC Name: $PCName"
return $PCName

#PCName Information Table Display.
Get-ADComputer -SearchBase 'OU=(Disregard)' -Filter 'Name -like "*$PCName*"' -Properties IPv4Address | Format-Table Name,DNSHostName,IPv4Address -A

#Progress indicator advisory message.
Write-Output "Converting $PCname to full computer name and copying result to your clipboard."

#Clip Line - Retrieves full PC name and copies resolved PC name to clipboard.
Get-ADComputer -SearchBase 'OU=(Disregard)' -Filter 'Name -like "*$PCName*"' | Select Name -ExpandProperty Name | Clip

#End of script advisory message.
Write-Output "Full PC Name:$PCName - Resolved and copied to clipboard."

If there's any other fault to be pointed out, I would appreciate it. I have been using PowerShell for less than a week and am a new programmer overall. I've performed no less than 40 google queries and spent at least 3 hours trying to get this to work.

Thank you!

Answer 1

do {
  $computerName = read-host "Enter partial computer name [blank=quit]"
  if ( -not $computerName ) {
    break
  }
  $sb = [ScriptBlock]::Create("name -like '*$computerName*'")
  $computer = get-adcomputer -filter $sb
  if ( $computer ) {
    $computer
    $computer | select-object -expandproperty Name | clip
    "Copied name to clipboard"
  }
  else {
    "Not found"
  }
  ""
}
while ( $true )

Answer 2

Your main issue is how you were quoting your -Filter . Variables do not expand inside single quotes. Your query was looking for a computer matching the string literal $pcname as supposed to the variable contents.

Also you make the same call twice which is inefficient. You should also know that it is possible to have more than one match with this so you need to be aware of/ account for that possibility.

$PCName=(Read-Host "Enter partial PC name")
write-host "You entered the partial PC Name: $PCName"

#PCName Information Table Display.
$results = Get-ADComputer -SearchBase 'OU=(Disregard)' -Filter "Name -like '*$pcname*'" -Properties IPv4Address 
$results | Format-Table Name,DNSHostName,IPv4Address -A

#Progress indicator advisory message.
Write-host "Converting $PCname to full computer name and copying result to your clipboard."

#Clip Line - Retrieves full PC name and copies resolved PC name to clipboard.
$results| Select -ExpandProperty Name | Clip

#End of script advisory message.
Write-host "Full PC Name:$PCName - Resolved and copied to clipboard."

I don't see a need for a global variable here so I removed it. Changed all the Write-Output to Write-Host as that is how you were treating them. If nothing else you have them mixed together so picking one would be more my point.

Answer 3

In PowerShell, single and double quotes each have a different meaning and significance. Variables will only be expanded in double quotes.

Your query does not work because you use single quotes for the parameter:

-Filter 'Name -like "*$PCName*"'

In this string, $PCName will not be replaced by its value. The double quotes are not significant here, because inside a single quoted string, they are just characters.

You can build the parameter like this:

-Filter ('Name -like "*' + $PCName + '*"')

Additionally, you should remove the return statement and in your example there is no need to create a global variable $global:PCName, you can use $PCName instead

Answer 4

I had a similar issue with filter (building into an ASP application) and solved it by using curly brackets.

$searchterm = "*$($PCName)*"
-Filter {Name -like $searchterm}

The extra $() is most likely unnecessary in this particular instance as we aren't doing anything with the variable, but it's a habit of mine now.