如何用py2neo声明唯一的约束

Question

I need ot enforce a unique contraint on my graph database. I found the following method:

graph.schema.create_uniqueness_constraint("Website", "url") 

But it yields the following error:

graph.schema.create_uniqueness_constraint("Website", "url")
AttributeError: 'Schema' object has no attribute 'create_uniqueness_constraint' 

My import and graph instentiation is:

from py2neo import neo4j,node 
graph = neo4j.GraphDatabaseService("http://localhost:7474/db/data/") 

What am I doing wrong, and how can I fix it?

Also, what's the simplest, cleanest way to add a uniqueness constraint with py2neo?

I'm getting confused with the abundance of methods, which sometime seem to fail without reason (couldn't find a comprehensive tutorial on py2neo), and I start to feel like I would be better off writing raw Cypher queries...

Answer 1

It looks like you're on py2neo version 1.x and reading the docs for version 2.0. In py2neo 2.0:

from py2neo import Graph
graph = Graph()
graph.schema.create_uniqueness_constraint('Website', 'url')

In py2neo 1.x, I'm not sure there's a method for creating uniqueness constraints. You'll probably have to do:

from py2neo import neo4j
graph = neo4j.GraphDatabaseService("http://localhost:7474/db/data/") 
neo4j.CypherQuery(graph, 'CREATE CONSTRAINT ON (w:Website) ASSERT w.url IS UNIQUE;').run()

EDIT: Updates per the questions in the comments below. OP is on py2neo 2.0.

Neo4j doesn't allow you to create a uniqueness constraint without specifying a label. However, this will be easy to accomplish in py2neo. You can use graph.node_labels to get a list of all the labels in your graph, then you can iterate over those and create a uniqueness constraint on each label with the given property:

from py2neo import Graph
graph = Graph()

labels = graph.node_labels

for label in labels:
    graph.schema.create_uniqueness_constraint(label, 'url')

Note that this will fail with a py2neo.error.ConstraintViolationException if the constraint already exists; you might want to wrap it in a try-except:

for label in labels:
    try:
        graph.schema.create_uniqueness_constraint(label, 'url')
    except:
        pass