Java Runtime.exec（）以运行Java程序

Question

Here's the situation. Im creating a UI which will allow make using a genetic programming system (ECJ) easier to use.

Currently you need to run a command prompt within the ECJ folder and use the commands similar to this to execute a parameter file.

java ec.Evolve -file ec\app\tutorial5\tutorial5.params

Where the full path of tutorial5 is

C:\Users\Eric\Documents\COSC\ecj\ec\app\tutorial5\tutorial5.params

and the command prompt must be executed from

C:\Users\Eric\Documents\COSC\ecj

My program makes the user select a .params file (which is located in a ecj subdirectory) and then use the Runtime.exec() to execute

java ec.Evolve -file ec\app\tutorial5\tutorial5.params

What i have so far

// Command to be executed
String cmd = "cd " + ecjDirectory;        
String cmd2 = "java ec.Evolve -file " + executeDirectory;


System.out.println(cmd);
try {
    Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(
                new String[]{"cmd.exe", "/c", cmd, cmd2});
    BufferedReader r = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(p.getInputStream()));
    statusTF.append(r.readLine());
    p.waitFor();        

    } catch (IOException | InterruptedException ex) {
        System.out.println("FAILED: " + ex.getMessage());
        statusTF.append("Failed\n");
    }

Currently it outputs the change directory command but nothing else. Can this be done?

Answer 1

First, the 'cd' command can't be executed by Runtime.exec() in the first place (see How to use "cd" command using Java runtime? ). You should be able to just set the working directory for the process when you call exec (see below).

Second, running 'cmd.exe /c' to execute your process isn't what you want here. You won't be able to get the results of your process running, because that is returned to the command window -- which eats the error and then closes without passing the error along to you.

Your exec command should look more like this:

Process p = Runtime.getRuntime().exec(
    command, null, "C:\Users\Eric\Documents\COSC\ecj");

Where 'command' looks like this:

String command = "java ec.Evolve -file ec\app\tutorial5\tutorial5.params"

Edit: For reading error messages, try this:

String error = "";
try (InputStream is = proc.getErrorStream()) {
    error = IOUtils.toString(is, "UTF-8");
}
int exit = proc.waitFor();
if (exit != 0) {
    System.out.println(error);
} else {
    System.out.println("Success!");
}

Answer 2

Each call to exec() runs in a new environment, this means that the call to cd will work, but will not exist to the next call to exec() .

I prefer to use Apache's Commons Exec , it's provides an excellent facade over Java's Runtime.exec() and gives a nice way to specify the working directory. Another very nice thing is they provide utilities to capture standard out and standard err. These can be difficult to properly capture yourself.

Here's a template I use. Note that this sample expects an exit code of 0, your application may be different.

String sJavaPath = "full\path\to\java\executable";
String sTutorialPath = "C:\Users\Eric\Documents\COSC\ecj\ec\app\tutorial5\tutorial5.params";
String sWorkingDir = "C:\Users\Eric\Documents\COSC\ecj";

try (
        OutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        OutputStream err = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    )
{
    // setup watchdog and stream handler
    ExecuteWatchdog watchdog = new ExecuteWatchdog(Config.TEN_SECONDS);
    PumpStreamHandler streamHandler = new PumpStreamHandler(out, err);

    // build the command line
    CommandLine cmdLine = new CommandLine(sJavaPath);
    cmdLine.addArgument("ec.Evolve");
    cmdLine.addArgument("-file");
    cmdLine.addArgument(sTutorialPath);

    // create the executor and setup the working directory
    Executor exec = new DefaultExecutor();
    exec.setExitValue(0); // tells Executor we expect a 0 for success
    exec.setWatchdog(watchdog);
    exec.setStreamHandler(streamHandler);
    exec.setWorkingDirectory(sWorkingDir);

    // run it
    int iExitValue = exec.execute(cmdLine);

    String sOutput = out.toString();
    String sErrOutput = err.toString();
    if (iExitValue == 0)
    {
        // successful execution
    }
    else
    {
        // exit code was not 0
        // report the unexpected results...
    }
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
    // report the exception...
}

Answer 3

You can use Java processbuilder: processBuilder documentation !
you can define the working directory of the process and all other stuff.