在Tkinter中滚动浏览多个标签

Question

I am trying to make a simple application launcher using Tkinter ( for the games that I have made using pygame). The code for the same is below.It runs in full screen mode(without any maximize or minimize buttons).

import Tkinter as tk
from Tkinter import *
import random
import os
import subprocess


def call(event,x):

   print "begin"
   if x==0:
       p = subprocess.Popen("python C:\Users\Akshay\Desktop\i.py")


   p.wait()
   print "end"



root = tk.Tk()
root.geometry("1368x768+30+30")
root.overrideredirect(True)
root.geometry("{0}x{1}+0+0".format(root.winfo_screenwidth(),    root.winfo_screenheight()))

games = ['Game1','Game2','Game3','Game4','Game5','Game6','Game7','Game8']
labels = range(8)
for i in range(8):
    ct = [random.randrange(256) for x in range(3)]
    brightness = int(round(0.299*ct[0] + 0.587*ct[1] + 0.114*ct[2]))
    ct_hex = "%02x%02x%02x" % tuple(ct)
    bg_colour = '#' + "".join(ct_hex)
    l = tk.Label(root, 
            text=games[i], 
            fg='White' if brightness < 120 else 'Black', 
            bg=bg_colour)
    l.place(x = 320, y = 30 + i*150, width=700, height=100)
    l.bind('<Button-1>', lambda event, arg=i: call(event, arg))

root.mainloop()

There is no issue with this piece of code but I want a scroll bar at the right side or a way to scroll/move down using the arrow keys so that if I add more number of labels , they also become visible.

I tried to understand some code snippets from the internet and read the Tkinter documentations as well but didn't understood anything. Also tried to follow one more stackoverflow discussion and understood about the frame and canvas methods.

Python Tkinter scrollbar for frame

Frame , canvas and all is getting a bit complicated. I just want to keep it simple.Can something be added to the code snippet above to make the scroll thing work and all the labels become visible?

Something like the above but with a scroll bar!!

Answer 1

Here is an MCVE of how to add a scrollbar to a tkinter app, hide the scrollbar, and scroll with the up/down arrows or the mouse wheel.

from tkinter import *

parent=Tk() # parent object
canvas = Canvas(parent, height=200) # a canvas in the parent object
frame = Frame(canvas) # a frame in the canvas
# a scrollbar in the parent
scrollbar = Scrollbar(parent, orient="vertical", command=canvas.yview)
# connect the canvas to the scrollbar
canvas.configure(yscrollcommand=scrollbar.set)
scrollbar.pack(side="right", fill="y") # comment out this line to hide the scrollbar
canvas.pack(side="left", fill="both", expand=True) # pack the canvas
# make the frame a window in the canvas
canvas.create_window((4,4), window=frame, anchor="nw", tags="frame")
# bind the frame to the scrollbar
frame.bind("<Configure>", lambda x: canvas.configure(scrollregion=canvas.bbox("all")))
parent.bind("<Down>", lambda x: canvas.yview_scroll(3, 'units')) # bind "Down" to scroll down
parent.bind("<Up>", lambda x: canvas.yview_scroll(-3, 'units')) # bind "Up" to scroll up
# bind the mousewheel to scroll up/down
parent.bind("<MouseWheel>", lambda x: canvas.yview_scroll(int(-1*(x.delta/40)), "units"))
labels = [Label(frame, text=str(i)) for i in range(20)] # make some Labels
for l in labels: l.pack() # pack them

parent.mainloop() # run program

Answer 2

This is a better answer to my question.Yes I know I can't make the scroll bars work properly but yes as I asked now through this code one can move down/scroll via arrow keys without a scroll bar actually being there. This is the way I used to make menu for my pygame made games and the same technique I applied here.It works but only in fullscreen mode.

import Tkinter as tk
from Tkinter import *
import random
import os
import subprocess

class stat:
   j=0

def call(event,x):

   print "begin"
   if x==0:
       p = subprocess.Popen("python C:\Users\Akshay\Desktop\i.py")


   p.wait()
   print "end"

def OnEntryDown(event):
    stat.j=stat.j+1
    print stat.j
    xmain()

def OnEntryUp(event):

     stat.j=stat.j-1
     print stat.j
     xmain()
def xmain():   
     root = tk.Tk()
     root.geometry("1368x768+30+30")
     root.overrideredirect(True)
     root.geometry("{0}x{1}+0+0".format(root.winfo_screenwidth(),       root.winfo_screenheight()))
     root.bind("<Down>", OnEntryDown)
     root.bind("<Up>", OnEntryUp)


     languages =     ['Game1','Game2','Game3','Game4','Game5','Game6','Game7','Game8']
 labels = range(8)

     k=0
     print stat.j
     for i in range(stat.j,stat.j+5):
        ct = [random.randrange(256) for x in range(3)]
        brightness = int(round(0.299*ct[0] + 0.587*ct[1] + 0.114*ct[2]))
        ct_hex = "%02x%02x%02x" % tuple(ct)
        bg_colour = '#' + "".join(ct_hex)
        l = tk.Label(root, 
            text=languages[i], 
            fg='White' if brightness < 120 else 'Black', 
            bg=bg_colour)
        l.place(x = 320, y = 30 + k*150, width=700, height=100)
        l.bind('<Button-1>', lambda event, arg=stat.j: call(event, arg))
        k=k+1

     root.mainloop()

xmain()